UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Form 10-K
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from
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Commission File
Number 000-50132
Sterling
Chemicals, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as
specified in its charter)
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Delaware (State or other
jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
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76-0502785 (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.) |
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333 Clay Street,
Suite 3600 Houston, Texas 77002-4109 (Address of
principal executive offices) |
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(713-650-3700) (Registrant’s
telephone number, including area
code) |
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, par
value $.01 per share
(Title of class)
Indicate by check mark if the
registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the
Securities Act. Yes o No þ.
Indicate by check mark if the
registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 of Section
15(d) of the Act. Yes o No þ.
Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was
required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No
o.
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of
delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained
herein and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in
definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in
Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o.
Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a
non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large
accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer þ
The aggregate market value of the
registrant’s common stock, par value $.01 per share, held by non-affiliates at
June 30, 2006 (the last business day of the registrant’s most recently
completed second fiscal quarter), based upon the value of the last sales price
of these shares as reported on the OTC Electronic Bulletin Board maintained by
the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., was $18,459,803.
APPLICABLE ONLY TO
REGISTRANTS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PRECEDING FIVE
YEARS:
Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by
Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent
to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes þ No o.
Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act). Yes o No þ.
As of February 28, 2007, Sterling
Chemicals, Inc. had 2,828,460 shares of common stock outstanding.
Portions of the definitive Proxy
Statement relating to the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Sterling
Chemicals, Inc. are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form
10-K.
IMPORTANT
INFORMATION REGARDING THIS FORM 10-K
Unless otherwise indicated, references
to “we,” “us,” “our” and “ours” in this Form 10-K refer collectively to Sterling
Chemicals, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.
Readers should consider the following
information as they review this Form 10-K.
Forward-Looking
Statements
This report contains “forward-looking
statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and
Section 21E of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements give our current
expectations or forecasts of future events. All statements other than statements
of historical fact are, or may be deemed to be, forward-looking statements. Such
statements include, without limitation, any statement that may project, indicate
or imply future results, events, performance or achievements, and may contain or
be identified by the words “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “predict,” “anticipate,”
“estimate,” “believe,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “might,” “will,” “will be,”
“will continue,” “will likely result,” “project,” “forecast,” “budget” and
similar expressions. Statements in this report that contain forward-looking
statements include, but are not limited to, information concerning our possible
or assumed future results of operations. While our management considers these
expectations and assumptions to be reasonable, they are inherently subject to
significant business, economic, competitive, regulatory and other risks,
contingencies and uncertainties, most of which are difficult to predict and many
of which are beyond our control. We disclose important factors that could cause
our actual results to differ materially from our expectations under “Risk
Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations” and elsewhere in this report. These risks, contingencies
and uncertainties relate to, among other matters, the following:
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the cyclicality of the petrochemicals industry; |
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current and future market and industry conditions and their effect on
our results of operations or financial position; |
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the extent, timing and impact of expansions of production capacity of
our products, by us or by our competitors; |
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the potential effects of market and industry conditions and
cyclicality on our competitiveness, business strategy, results of
operations or financial position; |
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the adequacy of our liquidity and availability of financing; |
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our environmental management programs and safety initiatives; |
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future uses of, and requirements for, financial resources; |
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future contractual obligations; |
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future amendments, renewals or terminations of existing contractual
relationships; |
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business strategies; |
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growth opportunities; |
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competitive position; |
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expected financial position; |
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future cash flows, dividends or financing plans; |
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budgets for capital and other expenditures; |
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plans and objectives of management; |
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outcomes of legal proceedings; |
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our ability to renew our collective bargaining agreement; |
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compliance with applicable laws; |
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our reliance on marketing partners; |
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adequacy of insurance coverage or indemnification rights; |
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the timing or extent of changes in commodity prices for our products
or raw materials; |
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petrochemicals industry production capacity or operating rates; |
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increases in the cost of, or our ability to obtain, raw materials or
energy; |
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regulatory initiatives and compliance with governmental laws or
regulations, including environmental laws or regulations; |
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customer preferences; |
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our ability to attract or retain high quality employees; |
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operating hazards attendant to the petrochemicals industry; |
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casualty losses, including those resulting from weather related
events; |
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changes in foreign, political, social or economic conditions; |
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risks of war, military operations, other armed hostilities, terrorist
acts or embargoes; |
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changes in technology that could require significant capital
expenditures in order to maintain competitiveness or could cause existing
manufacturing processes to become obsolete; |
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effects of litigation; |
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cost, availability or adequacy of insurance; and |
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various other matters, many of which are beyond our
control. |
The risks included here are not
exhaustive. Other sections of this report, and our other filings with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, include additional factors that could
adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial performance.
See “Risk Factors” contained in Item 1A of Part I of this Form 10-K.
Given these risks and uncertainties, investors should not place undue reliance
on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements included in this Form
10-K are made only as of the date of this Form 10-K and are not guarantees of
future performance. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these
forward-looking statements are reasonable, such expectations may prove to have
been incorrect. All written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to
us, or persons acting on our behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety
by these cautionary statements.
Document
Summaries
Descriptions of documents and
agreements contained in this Form 10-K are provided in summary form only, and
such summaries are qualified in their entirety by reference to the actual
documents and agreements filed as exhibits to this Form 10-K.
Fiscal Year
In December 2002, we changed our
fiscal year-end from September 30 to December 31.
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PART I
Item 1.
Business
We are a leading North American
producer of selected petrochemicals used to manufacture a wide array of consumer
goods and industrial products throughout the world. Our primary products are
acetic acid, styrene and plasticizers.
Our acetic acid is used primarily to
manufacture vinyl acetate monomer, which is used in a variety of products,
including adhesives and surface coatings. All of our acetic acid production is
sold to BP Amoco Chemical Company (“BP Chemicals”), and we are BP Chemicals’
sole source of acetic acid production in the Americas. We sell our acetic acid
to BP Chemicals pursuant to a long-term contract (”Production Agreement”) that
extends until 2016. The Production Agreement provides us with a portion of the
profits derived from BP Chemicals’ sales of the acetic acid we produce and
reimbursement of 100% of our fixed and variable costs of acetic acid production.
This Production Agreement has provided us with a steadily increasing source of
income since the inception of this relationship in 1986 and, over the last three
years, we have operated at over 100% of capacity and at utilization rates
greater than the industry average.
We believe we have one of the lowest
cost acetic acid facilities in the world. Our acetic acid facility utilizes BP
Chemicals’ proprietary carbonylation technology, or Cativa Technology, which we
believe offers several advantages over competing production methods, including
lower energy requirements and lower fixed and variable costs. We also jointly
invest with BP Chemicals in capital expenditures related to our acetic acid
facility. Acetic acid production has two major raw materials requirements –
methanol and carbon monoxide. BP Chemicals, a producer of methanol, supplies
100% of our methanol requirements related to our production of acetic acid. All
of the carbon monoxide we use in the production of acetic acid is supplied by
Praxair Hydrogen Supply, Inc. (“Praxair”) from a partial oxidation unit
constructed by Praxair on land leased from us at our Texas City site.
Styrene is a commodity chemical used to
produce intermediate products such as polystyrene, expandable polystyrene resins
and ABS plastics, which are used in a wide variety of products such as household
goods, foam cups and containers, disposable food service items, toys, packaging
and other consumer and industrial products. Approximately 30% to 40% of our
styrene capacity is currently committed for sales in North America under
long-standing customer relationships. In addition, approximately 30% to 40% of
our styrene capacity is currently being used to produce styrene sold on the spot
market, with the balance of our capacity available to produce styrene for sales
throughout the world when market conditions warrant.
All of our plasticizers, which are used
to make flexible plastics, such as shower curtains, floor coverings, automotive
parts and construction materials, are produced exclusively for BASF Corporation
(“BASF”) pursuant to a long-term production agreement that extends until 2013,
subject to some limited early termination rights held by BASF beginning in 2010.
Under our agreement with BASF, BASF provides us with most of the required raw
materials, markets the plasticizers we produce, and is obligated to make certain
fixed quarterly payments to us and to reimburse us monthly for our actual
production costs and capital expenditures relating to our plasticizers facility.
We manufacture all of our
petrochemicals products at our site in Texas City, Texas. In terms of production
capacity, our Texas City site has the sixth largest acetic acid facility in the
world and the fourth largest styrene facility in North America. Our Texas City
site, which covers an area of 290 acres, is strategically located on Galveston
Bay and benefits from a deep-water dock capable of handling ships with up to a
40-foot draft, as well as four barge docks, direct access to Union Pacific and
Burlington Northern railways with in-motion rail scales on site, truck loading
racks and weigh scales, stainless and mild steel storage tanks, three waste
deepwells, 135 acres of available land zoned for heavy industrial use,
additional land zoned for light industrial use and a supportive political
environment for growth. In addition, we are in the heart of one of the largest
petrochemical complexes on the Gulf Coast and, as a result, we have on-site
access to a number of key raw material pipelines and are in close proximity to a
number of the larger refinery complexes that provide some of our principal raw
materials. Given our under-utilized infrastructure, as well as ample unoccupied
land, there are significant opportunities for further development of our Texas
City site.
We own the acetic acid, styrene and
plasticizers manufacturing units located at our Texas City site. We also lease a
portion of our Texas City site to Praxair, who constructed a partial oxidation
unit on that land, and we lease a portion of our Texas City site to S&L
Cogeneration Company, a 50/50 joint venture between us and Praxair Energy
Resources, Inc., who constructed a cogeneration facility on that land. We lease
the space for our principal offices located in Houston, Texas.
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In addition to our intention to further
expand the capacity of our acetic acid facility, we are presently undertaking
numerous initiatives to attract new chemical related businesses to our Texas
City site. Given our significant under-utilized infrastructure, land, materials
handling, utilities and storage, our Texas City site should be a favorable
location for companies looking to construct new manufacturing facilities on the
Gulf Coast of the United States. We believe that the construction of a new
facility at our site by another company would lower the amount of fixed costs
allocated to each of our operating units and provide us with additional revenue.
We are presently undertaking numerous initiatives to attract new chemical
related businesses to our Texas City site. Specifically, we are seeking
long-term contractual business arrangements or partnerships that will provide us
with an ability to realize the value of our under-utilized assets through profit
sharing or other revenue generating arrangements. For development projects that
may have significant capital expenditure requirements, we are considering joint
ventures or other arrangements where we would contribute certain of our assets
and management expertise to minimize our share of the capital costs.
Business
Strategy
Grow Our Business. We intend to
grow our acetic acid business through capacity expansions. We intend to take
advantage of recent investments in our acetic acid facility made by us and BP
Chemicals, which we believe have positioned our acetic acid facility for
cost-effective future capacity expansions at lower incremental cost. We
currently have low-cost debottlenecking opportunities which could increase
annual capacity of the acetic acid facility by up to approximately 7% to
approximately 1.2 billion pounds. In addition, a new acetic acid reactor
installed in 2003, is capable of producing up to 1.7 billion pounds
annually.
Our Texas City site offers
approximately 135 acres for future expansion by us or by other companies that
can benefit from our existing infrastructure and facilities, and includes a
greenbelt around the northern edge of the plant site. Our Texas City site is
strategically located on Galveston Bay and we benefit from a deep-water dock
capable of handling ships with up to a 40-foot draft, as well as four barge
docks, direct access to Union Pacific and Burlington Northern railways with
in-motion rail scales on site, truck loading racks and weigh scales, stainless
and mild steel storage tanks, three waste deepwells, 135 acres of available land
zoned for heavy industrial use, additional land zoned for light industrial use
and a supportive political environment for growth. In addition, we are in the
heart of one of the largest petrochemical complexes on the Gulf Coast and, as a
result, we have on-site access to a number of key raw material pipelines and are
in close proximity to a number of the larger refinery complexes that provide
some of our principal raw materials.
Given our under-utilized
infrastructure, as well as ample unoccupied land, there are significant
opportunities for further development of our Texas City site. We believe that
the construction of a new facility at our site by another company would lower
the amount of fixed costs allocated to each of our operating units and provide
us with additional revenue. We are presently undertaking numerous initiatives to
attract new chemical related businesses to our Texas City site. Specifically, we
are seeking long-term contractual business arrangements or partnerships that
will provide us with an ability to realize the value of our under-utilized
assets through profit sharing or other revenue generating arrangements. For
development projects that may have significant capital expenditure requirements,
we are considering joint ventures or other arrangements where we would
contribute certain of our assets and management expertise to minimize our share
of the capital costs. We are currently exploring opportunities involving
renewable fuels projects, a new patented process for chemicals manufacturing
from waste streams, chemicals terminalling and waste injection well operations.
In particular, we are currently in preliminary discussions with two biodiesel
producers with respect to several such potential arrangements.
We plan to evaluate strategic
acquisitions, focusing on chemical businesses and assets which would allow us to
increase our market share of products we currently produce or those that would
provide upstream or downstream integration within our existing businesses.
We intend to continue operating our
styrene facility while seeking strategic alternatives and maintaining
operational flexibility to capitalize on any upturns in the styrene industry. We
have the fourth largest styrene facility in North America, capable of producing
1.7 billion pounds annually. Approximately 30% to 40% of our styrene
capacity is currently committed for sales in North America under long-standing
customer relationships. In addition, approximately 30% to 40% of our styrene
capacity is currently being used to produce styrene sold on the spot market,
with the balance of our capacity available to produce styrene for sales when
market conditions warrant. Styrene and polystyrene industry participants,
including The DOW Chemical Company and NOVA Chemicals Corporation, have recently
announced a desire to seek transactions which would restructure the North
American styrene and polystyrene industries, thereby improving the balance of
supply and demand in North America. According to Chemical Market Associates,
Inc. (“CMAI”), if demand for styrene remains steady, restructuring of North
American styrene capacity should improve production rates in North America and
lead to improved industry profitability. Given our styrene production capability
and total uncontracted capacity, we are in a position to take advantage of any
restructuring of the styrene industry and to capitalize on any improvements in
styrene market conditions.
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Improve Organization Efficiency and
Cost Structure. We continually seek to improve our cost competitiveness
through organizational efficiencies, productivity enhancements, operating
controls and general cost reductions. Since 2004, we have developed and
implemented organizational efficiency projects involving the design, development
and implementation of uniform and standardized systems, processes and policies
to improve our production, maintenance, process efficiency, logistics and
materials management and procurement functions. During this period, these
projects reduced our fixed costs by more than $20 million, representing a
15% reduction in our annual fixed costs. Approximately 10% to 15% of these cost
savings accrue to the benefit of some of our customers under the cost
reimbursement provisions of our production agreements. We believe the expansion
of our acetic acid business, further development of our business and
acquisitions will lead to further cost efficiencies.
Industry
Overview
Acetic Acid. The North American
acetic acid industry is enjoying a period of sustained domestic demand growth as
well as substantial export demand. This has led to current North American
industry utilization rates of 86% and Tecnon OrbiChem, or Tecnon, projects
utilization rates to increase to over 98% by 2013. The North American acetic
acid industry is inherently less cyclical than many other petrochemical products
due to a number of important features.
There are only four large producers of
acetic acid in North America and historically these producers have made capacity
additions in a disciplined and incremental manner, primarily using small
expansion projects or exploiting debottlenecking opportunities. In addition, the
leading technology required to manufacture acetic acid is controlled by two
global companies, which permits these companies to control the pace of new
capacity additions through the licensing or development of such additional
capacity. The limited availability of this technology also creates a significant
barrier to entry into our industry by potential competitors.
Global production capacity of acetic
acid as of December 31, 2006 was approximately 24 billion pounds per
year, with current North American production capacity at approximately
7 billion pounds per year. The North American acetic acid market is mature
and well developed and is dominated by four major producers that account for
approximately 94% of the acetic acid production capacity in North America.
Demand for acetic acid is linked to the demand for vinyl acetate monomer, a key
intermediate in the production of a wide array of polymers. Vinyl acetate
monomer is the largest derivative of acetic acid, representing over 40% of
global demand. According to Tecnon, annual global production of vinyl acetate
monomer is expected to increase from 10.4 billion pounds in 2005 to
12.2 billion pounds in 2010.
The North American acetic acid industry
tends to sell most of its products through long-term sales agreements having
“cost plus” pricing mechanisms, eliminating much of the volatility seen in other
petrochemicals products and resulting in more stable and predictable earnings
and profit margins.
Several acetic acid capacity additions
have occurred since 1998, including an expansion of our acetic acid unit from
800 million pounds of rated annual production capacity to 1.1 billion
pounds during 2005. These capacity additions were somewhat offset by reductions
of approximately 1.6 billion pounds in annual global capacity from the shutdown
of various outdated acetic acid plants from 1999 through 2001. In 2006, BP
Chemicals closed two of its outdated acetic acid production units in Hull,
England that had a combined annual capacity of approximately 500 million
pounds (which had been sold primarily in Europe and South America). We and BP
Chemicals are reviewing further expansion of our acetic acid plant in 2008 or
2009.
Styrene. The North American
styrene industry is currently in a protracted down cycle, primarily as a result
of over-supply. This shift is the result of two major developments. Export
demand has historically represented over 20% of North American production
capacity. Regional cost pressures in addition to new production capacity being
added in Asia and the Middle East, have made it difficult for North American
producers to compete in these export markets on a continuous basis. In addition,
a significant amount of styrene capacity has been added globally over the past
five to ten years by producers of propylene oxide using so-called PO-SM
technology, which produces styrene as a co-product. Propylene oxide is a key
intermediate in the production of polyurethane, and polyurethane demand growth
has been significantly greater than demand growth for styrene, exacerbating the
over-supply of styrene. During periods of over-supply, production rates for
styrene producers decrease significantly. Production rates in North America are
currently estimated by CMAI to be 75% of capacity. When production rates are
low, unit production costs increase due to the allocation of fixed costs over a
lower production volume and a reduction in the efficiency of the manufacturing
unit, both in energy usage and in the conversion rates for raw materials.
Compounding these cost impacts, prices for the principal styrene raw materials,
benzene and ethylene, are currently near historical highs, putting pressure on
margins on styrene sales even though styrene contract prices are near historic
highs. According to CMAI, benzene and ethylene prices are expected to decline by
approximately 8% and 7%, respectively, on average over each of the next five
years.
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Over the last five years, China has
been the driver for growth in styrene demand, representing approximately 75% of
the world’s styrene demand growth in that period. Historically, we have
positioned ourselves to take advantage of peaks in the Asian styrene markets,
with a large portion of our styrene capacity not being committed under long-term
arrangements. However, over the last two years, relatively high benzene and
domestic natural gas prices have significantly limited our ability to sell
styrene into the Asian markets, and high styrene prices have reduced styrene
global demand growth rates. In addition, several of our competitors have
announced an intention to build new styrene production units outside the United
States, further complicating our ability to sell styrene into the Asian markets.
In 2006, our competitors added 2.6 billion pounds of new styrene capacity
in Asia. The majority of the remaining announced construction projects are
scheduled to start up between 2007 and 2009, although it is not uncommon for
announced construction to be delayed. For example, Shell Oil Company (“Shell”)
and Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (“SABIC”) recently announced their
decision to suspend the development of a 600,000 metric ton per year styrene
project in Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia, which was scheduled to come on-stream in
2007, due to rising construction expenses and the high cost of benzene
feedstock. In addition, much of this new capacity is being constructed in
politically unstable regions of the world, such as the Middle East, which may
impact the timing of the start-up of this new capacity. If and when these new
units are completed, we would anticipate more difficult market conditions,
especially in the export markets, until the additional supply is absorbed by
growth in styrene demand or significant capacity rationalization occurs.
Given the market conditions in Asia and
the high domestic raw materials and energy costs we have been experiencing, most
of our styrene sales over the last two years have been to customers in the
United States, Mexico, Canada and South America. We expect most of our styrene
sales over the next three to five years to also be in these geographic regions.
Consequently, we are focusing our efforts on increasing market share in these
areas, while continuing to make occasional styrene sales in Asia on an
opportunistic basis. We may not, however, be successful in increasing our market
share in these geographic regions during this period and we cannot guarantee
when, or if, export market conditions to Asia will improve for North American
styrene producers. We may also explore mergers, acquisitions and joint ventures
with other North American styrene producers that could improve the domestic
balance of supply and demand for styrene and provide us with improved cash
flows.
CMAI currently is not projecting any
additional capacity increases in North America through 2010, with projected
operating rates reaching a trough of 75% in 2007, and less than 80% operating
rates through 2010, without any major industry restructuring. Although we
believe an improved North American industry outlook is possible, this largely
depends on a significant industry restructuring. Styrene and polystyrene
industry participants, including The DOW Chemical Company and NOVA Chemicals
Corporation have recently announced a desire to seek transactions which would
restructure the North American styrene and polystyrene industries, thereby
improving the balance of supply and demand in North America. Separately, new
technology for the manufacture of propylene oxide has been developed that should
result in lower manufacturing costs for propylene oxide and which does not
produce styrene as a co-product, which could significantly reduce the future
growth of plants utilizing PO-SM technology.
Plasticizers. Plasticizers are
produced from either ethylene-based linear alpha-olefins feedstocks or
propylene-based technology. Linear plasticizers typically receive a premium over
competing branched propylene-based products for customers that require enhanced
performance properties. However, the markets for competing plasticizers may be
affected by the cost of the underlying raw materials, especially when the cost
of one olefin rises faster than the other, or by the introduction of new
products. Over the last few years, the price of linear alpha-olefins has
increased sharply as supply has declined, which has caused many consumers to
switch to lower cost branched propylene-based products and C4-based products,
despite the loss of some performance properties. Ultimately, we expect branched
plasticizers to replace linear plasticizers for most applications over the
long-term. In addition, in 2005, BP Chemicals announced the permanent closure of
its linear alpha-olefins production facility in Pasadena, Texas, the primary
source of supply of this feedstock to the oxo-alcohols production unit at our
plasticizers facility. As a result, we modified our plasticizers facilities
during the third quarter of 2006 to produce lower cost branched plasticizers
products and, on July 31, 2006, we permanently shut down our oxo-alcohols
production unit. Due to the closure of our oxo-alcohols unit and our conversion
to the production of branched plasticizers, the phthalate esters production unit
at our plasticizers facility now uses oxo-alcohols supplied by BASF.
Product Summary
The following table summarizes our
principal products, including our capacity, the primary end uses for each
product, the raw materials used to produce each product and the major
competitors for each product. “Capacity” represents rated annual production
capacity as of December 31, 2006, which is calculated by estimating the
number of days in a typical year that a production facility is capable of
operating after allowing for downtime for regular maintenance, and multiplying
that number of days by an amount equal to the facility’s optimal daily output
based on the
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design feedstock mix.
As the capacity of a facility is an estimated amount, actual production may be
more or less than capacity, and the following table does not reflect actual
operating rates of any of our production facilities for any given period of
time.
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Intermediate |
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Products |
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Primary End Products |
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Raw
Materials |
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Major
Competitors |
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Acetic
Acid (1.1 billion pounds per year) |
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Vinyl acetate monomer, terephthalic acid, and
acetate solvents |
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Adhesives, PET bottles, fibers and surface
coatings |
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Methanol and Carbon Monoxide |
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Celanese AG, Eastman Chemical Company and
Lyondell Chemical Company |
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Styrene (1.7 billion
pounds per year) |
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Polystyrene, ABS/SAN resins, styrene butadiene
latex and unsaturated polyester resins |
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Building products, boat and automotive
components, disposable cups and trays, packaging and containers,
housewares, tires, audio and video cassettes, luggage, children’s toys,
paper coating, appliance parts and carpet backing |
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Benzene and Ethylene |
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Lyondell Chemical Company, Ineos, PLC, Chevron
Phillips Chemical Company, Shell , Cos-Mar (a joint venture of General
Electric Company and FINA Inc.), Nova Corporation, SABIC, Samsung
Corporation and Mitsubishi Corporation |
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Plasticizers (200 million
pounds of esters and 130 million pounds of phthalic anhydride per year)
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Flexible polyvinyl chloride (“PVC”) |
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Flexible plastics, such as shower curtains and
liners, floor coverings, cable insulation, upholstery and plastic molding
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Oxo-Alcohols and Orthoxylene |
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ExxonMobil Corporation, Eastman Chemical Company
and BASF Corporation |
Products
Acetic Acid. Our acetic acid is
used primarily to manufacture vinyl acetate monomer, which is used in a variety
of products, including adhesives and surface coatings. We have the third largest
production capacity for acetic acid in North America. Our acetic acid unit has a
rated annual production capacity of approximately 1.1 billion pounds, which
represents approximately 17% of total North American capacity. All of our acetic
acid production is sold to BP Chemicals, and we are BP Chemicals’ sole source of
production in the Americas. We sell our acetic acid to BP Chemicals pursuant to
a Production Agreement that extends until 2016. For a further description of our
agreement with BP Chemicals, please refer to “Acetic Acid-BP Chemicals”
under “Contracts”.
Styrene. Styrene is a commodity
chemical used to produce intermediate products such as polystyrene, expandable
polystyrene resins and ABS plastics, which are used in a wide variety of
products such as household goods, foam cups and containers, disposable food
service items, toys, packaging and other consumer and industrial products. We
have the fourth largest production capacity for styrene in North America. Our
styrene unit is one of the largest in the world and has a rated annual
production capacity of approximately 1.7 billion pounds, which represents
approximately 11% of total North American capacity. Approximately 30% to 40% of
our styrene capacity is currently committed for sales in North America under
long-standing customer relationships. In addition, approximately 30% to 40% of
our styrene capacity is currently being used to produce styrene sold on the spot
market, with the balance of our capacity available to produce styrene for sales
when market conditions warrant.
Plasticizers. Our plasticizers
business is comprised of two separate products: phthalate esters and phthalic
anhydride, together commonly referred to as plasticizers. Our phthalate esters
are made from phthalic anhydride and oxo-alcohols, and phthalic anhydride is
also sold as a separate product. All of our plasticizers, which are used to make
flexible plastics such as shower curtains, floor coverings, automotive parts and
construction materials, are sold to BASF pursuant to a long-term production
agreement that extends until 2013, subject to some limited early termination
rights held by BASF beginning in 2010. For a further description of our
agreement with BASF, please refer to “Plasticizers-BASF” under
“Contracts”.
Sales and
Marketing
We generally sell our petrochemicals
products to customers for use in the manufacture of other chemicals and
products, which in turn are used in the production of a wide array of consumer
goods and industrial products throughout the world. We compete on the basis of
product price, quality and deliverability. We sell our petrochemicals products
pursuant to:
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multi-year contracts; |
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conversion agreements; and |
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spot transactions in both the domestic and export
markets. |
We have long-term agreements that
provide for the dedication of 100% of our production of acetic acid and
plasticizers, each to one customer. Under our acetic acid agreement, we are
reimbursed for our actual fixed and variable manufacturing costs and also
receive an agreed share of the profits earned from this business. Under our
plasticizers agreement, we are reimbursed for our manufacturing costs and also
receive a quarterly “facility fee” for each production unit included in our
plasticizers business, but do not share in the profits or losses from that
business. These agreements are intended to:
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optimize our capacity utilization rates; · lower our selling, general
and administrative expenses; |
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reduce our working capital requirements; |
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insulate our plasticizers operations from the effects of declining
markets and changes in raw materials prices; and |
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in some cases, gain access to certain improvements in manufacturing
process technology. |
Prices for styrene are determined by
global market factors that are largely beyond our control and we generally sell
styrene at prevailing market prices. From time to time, we may resell raw
materials we purchased from others, purchase styrene for resale or sell
ethylbenzene that we have produced from our own purchased benzene and ethylene
or from customer supplied raw materials. We sell a significant portion of our
committed volumes of styrene, and generate a significant portion of our revenues
from styrene sales under our conversion agreements. Under our conversion
agreements, the customer furnishes raw materials that we process into finished
products. In exchange, we receive a fee which covers our fixed and variable
costs of production and may provide an element of profit depending on the
existing market conditions for styrene. These conversion agreements help us
maintain lower levels of working capital. Our conversion agreements are designed
to insulate us, to some extent, from the effects of declining styrene markets
and changes in raw materials prices, while allowing us to share in the benefits
when styrene market conditions are more favorable. The rest of our styrene is
sold in the spot market by our direct sales force or sales agents.
For information regarding our export
sales, see Note 10 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included
in Item 8 of Part II of this Form 10-K.
Contracts
Our multi-year requirements contracts
are described below.
Acetic Acid-BP Chemicals
In 1986, we entered into a long-term
acetic acid Production Agreement with BP Chemicals, which has since been amended
several times. Under this Production Agreement, BP Chemicals has the exclusive
right to purchase all of our acetic acid production until July 31, 2016. BP
Chemicals markets all of the acetic acid that we produce and pays us, among
other amounts, a portion of the profits derived from their sales of the acetic
acid we produce. In addition, BP Chemicals reimburses us for 100% of our fixed
and variable costs of acetic acid production. Pursuant to the terms of this
production agreement, beginning in August 2006, the portion of the profits
we receive from the sales of acetic acid produced at our plant increased and BP
Chemicals is no longer required to pay us the set monthly payment that we had
received prior to that time. Based on forecasted acetic acid market conditions
for the next several years, we believe that this change will result in improved
profitability for us.
Plasticizers-BASF
Since 1986, we have provided all of our
plasticizers production exclusively to BASF pursuant to a production agreement,
which has been amended several times. Under this production agreement, BASF
provides us with most of the required raw materials and markets the plasticizers
we produce, and is obligated to make certain fixed quarterly payments to us and
to reimburse us monthly for our actual production costs and capital expenditures
relating to our plasticizers facility. Effective January 1, 2006, we
amended this production agreement to extend the term of the agreement until
2013, subject to some limited early termination rights held by BASF beginning in
2010, increase the quarterly payments made to us by BASF and eliminate our
participation in the profits and losses realized by BASF in
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connection with the
sale of the plasticizers we produce. Additionally, on April 28, 2006, BASF
notified us that it was exercising its right under the amended production
agreement to terminate its future obligations with respect to the operation of
our oxo-alcohols production unit effective July 31, 2006.
Sales to major customers constituting
10% or more of total revenues are included in Note 10 of the “Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Item 8, Part II of this
Form 10-K.
Raw Materials and
Energy Resources
For most of our products, the aggregate
cost of raw materials and energy resources is far greater than the total of all
other costs of production combined. As a result, an adequate supply of raw
materials and energy at reasonable prices and on acceptable terms is critical to
the success of our business. Most of the raw materials we use are global
commodities that are made by a large number of producers. Prices for many of
these raw materials are subject to wide fluctuations for a variety of reasons
beyond our control. Although we believe that we will continue to be able to
secure adequate supplies of raw materials and energy, we may be unable to do so
at acceptable prices or payment terms. See “Risk Factors”. Under the Production
Agreement with BP Chemicals and our agreement with BASF, BP Chemicals is
required to provide our methanol requirements to produce acetic acid and BASF is
required to provide us with most of the major raw materials necessary to produce
plasticizers. These sources of raw materials tend to mitigate certain risks
typically associated with obtaining raw materials, as well as decrease our
working capital requirements.
Acetic Acid. Acetic acid is
manufactured primarily from carbon monoxide and methanol. Praxair supplies us
with all of the carbon monoxide we require for the production of acetic acid
from a partial oxidation unit constructed by Praxair on land leased from us at
our Texas City site. Praxair is our single source for this raw material.
Currently, our methanol requirements are supplied by BP Chemicals under our
long-term production agreement.
Styrene. We manufacture styrene
by converting ethylene and benzene into ethylbenzene, which we then process into
styrene. Ethylene and benzene are both commodity petrochemicals and prices for
each can fluctuate widely due to significant changes in the availability of
these products. We currently purchase our benzene requirements on the spot
market. We have a few multi-year arrangements with major ethylene suppliers that
provide a significant percentage of our estimated requirements for purchased
ethylene at generally prevailing and competitive market prices. Our conversion
agreements require that the other parties to these agreements furnish us with
the ethylene or benzene necessary to fulfill our conversion obligations. If
customers for whom we manufacture styrene under conversion agreements were to
cease furnishing their own raw materials, our requirements for purchased benzene
and ethylene could significantly increase.
Plasticizers. The primary raw
materials for plasticizers are oxo-alcohols and orthoxylene, which are supplied
by BASF under our long-term production agreement.
Technology and
Licensing
In 1986, we acquired our Texas City
site from Monsanto Company (“Monsanto”). In connection with that acquisition,
Monsanto granted us a non-exclusive, irrevocable and perpetual right and license
to use Monsanto’s technology and other technology Monsanto acquired through
third-party licenses in effect at the time of the acquisition. We use these
licenses in the production of styrene, acetic acid and plasticizers.
During 1991, BP Chemicals Ltd. (“BPCL”)
purchased Monsanto’s acetic acid technology, subject to existing licenses. Under
a technology agreement with BP Chemicals and BPCL, BPCL granted us a
non-exclusive, irrevocable and perpetual right and license to use acetic acid
technology owned by BPCL and some of its affiliates at our Texas City site,
including any new acetic acid technology developed by BPCL at its acetic acid
facilities in England or pursuant to the research and development program
provided by BPCL under the terms of such agreement.
Although we do not engage in
alternative process research, we do monitor new technology developments and,
when we believe it is necessary, we typically seek to obtain licenses for
process improvements.
Competition
The petrochemical industry is highly
competitive. Many of our competitors are larger and have substantially greater
financial resources than we have. Among our competitors are some of the world’s
largest chemical companies that, in contrast to us, have their own internal raw
materials supplies or their own internal uses for the products they produce. A
significant portion of our business is based upon widely available technology.
The entrance of new
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competitors into the
industry and the addition by existing competitors of new capacity could have a
negative impact on our ability to maintain existing market share or maintain or
increase profit margins, even during periods of increased demand for our
products. You will find a list of our principal competitors in the “Product
Summary” table above.
Historically, profitability of the
styrene industry has been affected by vigorous price competition, which may
intensify due to, among other things, new domestic and foreign industry
capacity. Several of our competitors have announced their intentions to build
new styrene production units outside the United States. In 2006, our competitors
added 2.6 billion pounds of new styrene capacity in Asia. Most of the
remaining announced construction projects appear likely to start up during 2007
and 2008, although it is not uncommon for announced construction to be delayed.
For example, Shell and Sabic recently announced their decision to suspend the
development of a 600,000 metric ton per year styrene project in Al Jubail, Saudi
Arabia, which was scheduled to come on-stream in 2007, due to rising
construction expenses and the high cost of benzene feedstock. In addition, much
of this new capacity is being constructed in politically unstable regions of the
world, such as the Middle East, which may impact the timing of the start-up of
this new capacity. If and when these new units are completed, we would
anticipate more difficult market conditions, especially in the export markets,
until the additional supply is absorbed by growth in styrene demand or
significant capacity rationalization occurs. Our styrene business is also
impacted by changes in the world economy, including changes in currency exchange
rates. In general, weak economic conditions, either in the United States or
worldwide, tend to reduce demand and profit margins for our styrene.
Foreign markets for our styrene may be
affected by import laws and regulations. A significant portion of our styrene is
sold in North America, but we also make significant sales in Central America,
South America and Asia when market conditions are favorable. In 2006, our
styrene export sales accounted for approximately 10% of our total revenues.
Environmental,
Health and Safety Matters
Our operations involve the handling,
production, transportation, treatment and disposal of materials that are
classified as hazardous or toxic and that are extensively regulated by
environmental and health and safety laws, regulations and permit requirements.
Environmental permits required for our operations are subject to periodic
renewal and may be revoked or modified for cause or when new or revised
environmental requirements are implemented. Changing and increasingly strict
environmental requirements can affect the manufacture, handling, processing,
distribution and use of our chemical products and, if so affected, our business
and operations may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, changes in
environmental requirements may cause us to incur substantial costs in upgrading
or redesigning our facilities and processes, including our waste treatment,
storage, disposal and other waste handling practices and equipment.
A business risk inherent in chemical
operations is the potential for personal injury and property damage claims from
employees, contractors and their employees and nearby landowners and occupants.
While we believe our business operations and facilities generally are operated
in compliance with all applicable environmental and health and safety
requirements in all material respects, we cannot be sure that past practices or
future operations will not result in material claims or regulatory action,
require material environmental expenditures or result in exposure or injury
claims by employees, contractors or their employees or the public. Some risk of
environmental costs and liabilities is inherent in our operations and products,
as it is with other companies engaged in similar businesses.
Our operating expenditures for
environmental matters, mostly waste management and compliance, were
$20 million in both 2006 and 2005. We also spent $2 million for
environmentally-related capital projects in both 2006 and 2005. In 2007, we
anticipate spending approximately $2 million for capital projects related
to waste management, incident prevention and environmental compliance. We do not
expect to make any capital expenditures in 2007 related to remediation of
environmental conditions.
In light of our historical expenditures
and expected future results of operations and sources of liquidity, we believe
we will have adequate resources to conduct our operations in compliance with
applicable environmental, health and safety requirements. Nevertheless, we may
be required to make significant site and operational modifications that are not
currently contemplated in order to comply with changing facility permitting
requirements and regulatory standards. Additionally, we have incurred, and may
continue to incur, liability for investigation and cleanup of waste or
contamination at our own facilities or at facilities operated by third parties
where we have disposed of waste. We continually review all estimates of
potential environmental liabilities, but we may not have identified or fully
assessed all potential liabilities arising out of our past or present operations
or the amount necessary to investigate and remediate any conditions that may be
significant to us. It is our policy to make environmental, health and safety and
replacement capital expenditures a priority in order to ensure adequate
environmental, health and safety compliance at all times. In
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the event we should not
have available to us, at any time, liquidity sources sufficient to fund any of
these expenditures, prudent business practice might require that we cease
operations at the affected facility to avoid exposing our employees and contract
workers, the surrounding community or the environment to potential harm.
Air emissions from our Texas City site
are subject to certain permit requirements and self-implementing emissions
limitations and standards under state and federal laws. Our Texas City site is
located in an area that the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) has
classified as not having attained the ambient air quality standards for ozone,
which are controlled by direct regulation of volatile organic compounds and
nitrogen oxide (“NOx”) emissions. Our Texas City site is also subject to the
federal government’s June 1997 National Ambient Air Quality Standards,
which lower the ozone and particulate matter concentration thresholds for
attainment. The Texas Commission for Environmental Quality (“TCEQ”) has imposed
strict requirements on regulated facilities, including our Texas City site, to
ensure that the air quality control region will achieve the ambient air quality
standards for ozone. Local authorities also may impose new ozone and particulate
matter standards. Compliance with these stricter standards may substantially
increase our future NOx, volatile organic compounds and particulate matter
emissions control costs.
On December 13, 2002, the TCEQ
adopted a revised State Implementation Plan (“SIP”) to achieve compliance with
the “1-hour” ozone standard of the Clean Air Act. The EPA approved this “1-hour”
SIP, which calls for reduction of emissions of NOx at our Texas City site by
approximately 80% by the end of 2007. The current “1-hour” SIP also requires
monitoring of emissions of highly reactive volatile organic carbons (“HRVOCs”),
such as ethylene. The cost of compliance with the “1-hour” SIP at our Texas City
site is estimated to be between $12 million and $14 million. This
estimate includes our share of capital expenditures to be made by S&L
Cogeneration Company in order to comply with the 1-hour SIP. To date, we have
spent $10 million in capital on NOx reductions and HRVOC monitoring, with
$1 million of that amount spent in 2006. In April 2004, the
Houston-Galveston region was designated a moderate non-attainment area with
respect to the “8-hour” ozone standard of the Clean Air Act, and compliance with
this standard is required no later than June 15, 2010. In
December 2006, the TCEQ formally proposed revisions to the SIP in order to
achieve compliance with the “8-hour” ozone standard. These proposed revisions
(the “8-hour SIP”) will undergo review and revisions before final adoption by
the TCEQ, which is expected in May 2007, and will then be submitted to the
EPA for approval one month after adoption. The current proposed 8-hour SIP calls
for relatively modest additional controls which we believe would require very
little expense on our part. However, the proposed package may not receive EPA
approval in its current form, in which case additional controls or monitoring
could be added before the rule becomes finalized. It is difficult to predict the
final cost of our compliance under the “8-hour” SIP, although we estimate that
these additional costs will range from zero to $16 million in capital
expenditures and the purchase of allowances, depending on the terms of the final
“8-hour” SIP.
To reduce the risk of offsite
consequences from unanticipated events, we acquired a greenbelt buffer zone
adjacent to our Texas City site in 1991. We also participate in a regional air
monitoring network to monitor ambient air quality in the Texas City community.
Employees
As of December 31, 2006, we had
274 employees. All of our hourly employees at our Texas City site, a total of
102 people, are covered by a collective bargaining agreement with the Texas
City, Texas Metal Trades Council, AFL-CIO, of Galveston County, Texas (the
“Union”). Our current collective bargaining agreement with the Union expires on
May 1, 2007, and we expect to engage in negotiations for a new collective
bargaining agreement in April 2007. Although we believe our relationship
with our hourly employees is generally good, in connection with previous efforts
to reach new collective bargaining agreements we did lock out our employees for
16 weeks in 2002 and our hourly employees engaged in a strike for one week
in 2004. During the lockout and the strike, our Texas City site was operated by
our salaried workers and contract workers at comparable cost without
interruption, loss of production or environmental incident. Neither the lockout
nor the strike had a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition, results of operation or cash flows.
Insurance
We maintain insurance coverage at
levels that we believe are reasonable and typical for our industry. A portion of
our insurance coverage is provided by a captive insurance company maintained by
us and a few other chemical companies. However, we are not fully insured against
all potential hazards incident to our business. Additionally, we may incur
losses beyond the limits of, or outside the coverage of, our insurance. We
maintain full replacement value insurance coverage for property damage to our
facilities and business interruption insurance. Nevertheless, a significant
interruption in the operation of one or more of our facilities could have a
material adverse effect on our business. As a result of market conditions,
premiums and deductibles for certain insurance policies can increase
substantially and, in
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some instances, certain
insurance may become unavailable or available only for reduced amounts of
coverage. The markets for many types of insurance coverage were negatively
impacted by the 2005 hurricane season. Although we did not incur any direct
damage from any hurricanes, our windstorm related property damage and business
interruption coverages were reduced when we renewed these policies in 2006, and
our non-windstorm related property damage and business interruption coverages
were renewed at historical levels but at higher premiums.
We do not currently carry terrorism
coverage on our Texas City site. After the terrorist attacks of
September 11, 2001, many insurance carriers (including ours) created
exclusions for losses from terrorism from “all risk” property insurance
policies. While separate terrorism insurance coverage is available, the premiums
for such coverage are very expensive, especially for chemical facilities, and
these policies are subject to very high deductibles. In addition, available
terrorism coverage typically excludes coverage for losses from acts of foreign
governments, as well as nuclear, biological and chemical attacks. Consequently,
we believe that it is not economically prudent to obtain terrorism insurance on
the terms currently being offered in the industry.
Access to
Filings
Access to our annual reports on Form
10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments
to those reports filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange
Commission pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act, as well as reports
filed electronically pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, may be
obtained through our website (http://www.sterlingchemicals.com). Our website
provides a hyperlink to a third-party website where these reports may be viewed
and printed at no cost as soon as reasonably practicable after we have
electronically filed such material with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The contents of our website (or the third party websites accessible through the
hyperlinks) are not, and shall not be deemed to be, incorporated into this
report.
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
In addition to the other information
contained in this report, the following risk factors should be considered
carefully in evaluating our business. Our business, financial condition or
results of operations could be materially adversely affected by any of these
risks. Please note that additional risks not presently known by us, or that we
currently deem immaterial, may also impair our business and operations.
Risks Relating to
Our Indebtedness
We have a
significant amount of outstanding indebtedness which exposes us to a greater
risk of default. Additionally, restrictions contained in the agreements
governing such indebtedness limit our ability to react to changes in our
business and to engage in certain corporate transactions.
As of December 31, 2006, we had
approximately $101 million in outstanding indebtedness. Under the terms of
our existing 10% Senior Secured Notes due 2007 (our “Secured Notes”) and our
revolving credit facility dated December 19, 2002 with The CIT
Group/Business Credit, Inc., as administrative agent and a lender, and certain
other lenders, our ability to incur additional indebtedness is limited. Our
existing indebtedness and the terms and conditions governing that indebtedness,
reduces our flexibility to effect corporate and operating actions, which in turn
increases the risk of default under these obligations. In particular, the terms
and conditions governing our existing indebtedness:
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require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from
operations to service our existing debt service obligations, thereby
reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital,
capital expenditures and other general corporate expenditures; |
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increase our vulnerability to adverse general economic or industry
conditions and limits our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to,
competition or changes in our business or our industry; |
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limit our ability to obtain additional financing; |
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place restrictions on our ability to make strategic acquisitions,
engage in mergers or other fundamental changes, make capital expenditures,
introduce new products or services or exploit business
opportunities; |
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make certain payments or investments, sale of assets, capital
expenditures, engaging in certain mergers and acquisitions and refinancing
existing indebtedness more difficult; and |
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place us at a competitive disadvantage relative to competitors with
lower levels of indebtedness in relation to their overall size or less
restrictive terms governing their indebtedness. |
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Our ability to meet our expenses and
debt obligations will depend on our future performance, which will be affected
by financial, business, economic, regulatory and other factors. We will not be
able to control many of these factors, such as economic conditions and
governmental regulations. We cannot be certain that our earnings will be
sufficient to allow us to pay the principal and interest on our debt, including
the notes, and meet our other obligations. If we do not have enough money, we
may be required to refinance all or part of our existing debt, including the
notes, sell assets, borrow more money or raise equity. We may not be able to
refinance our debt, sell assets, borrow more money or raise equity on terms
acceptable to us, if at all. Further, failing to comply with the financial and
other restrictive covenants in our indebtedness could result in an event of
default under such indebtedness, which could adversely affect our business,
financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
The indebtedness
represented by our Secured Notes, as well as the loans outstanding under our
revolving credit facility mature in 2007. We may not be able to refinance this
indebtedness or obtain a new revolving capital facility on terms and conditions
as favorable to us as those of our existing indebtedness or at all.
Our Secured Notes mature on
December 19, 2007 and our revolving credit facility expires on
September 19, 2007. Based on our current projections, our cash flows will
not allow us to repay or Secured Notes on their maturity date, so we are
currently in the process of refinancing our Secured Notes. We may not be able to
refinance our Secured Notes, or to obtain a renewed or new revolving credit
facility, on terms and conditions as favorable to us as the existing revolving
credit facility or at all. The inability to refinance our Secured Notes or to
obtain a revolving credit facility on commercially reasonable terms could
require us to take actions such as selling assets, seeking an additional equity
investment or reducing or delaying capital expenditures, strategic acquisitions,
investments or alliances. Additionally, if we are unable to discharge our
obligations under our Secured Notes or our revolving credit facility on their
respective maturity dates, the holders of our Secured Notes or the lenders under
our revolving credit facility will be able to exercise certain remedies provided
for in those instruments and under applicable law, such as the institution of
foreclosure actions, seeking judicial enforcement of our payment obligations or
the filing of an involuntary petition for bankruptcy.
Any failure to
meet our debt obligations could harm our business, financial condition, results
of operations or cash flows.
If our cash flow and capital resources
are insufficient to fund our debt obligations, we may be forced to sell assets,
seek additional equity or debt capital or restructure our debt. In addition, any
failure to make scheduled payments of interest and principal on our outstanding
indebtedness would likely result in a reduction of our credit rating, which
could harm our ability to incur additional indebtedness on acceptable terms. Our
cash flow and capital resources may be insufficient for payment of interest on
and principal of our debt in the future, including payments on the notes, and
any such alternative measures may be unsuccessful or may not permit us to meet
scheduled debt service obligations, which could cause us to default on our
obligations and impair our liquidity.
Risks Related to
Our Business
Cyclicality in
the styrene markets has in the past and may in the future result in reduced
operating margins or operating losses.
Styrene, one of our principal products,
is a commodity that exhibits wide swings in demand, prices and margins based
upon current and anticipated levels of supply and demand. Demand for our styrene
is largely influenced by the rate of growth of the world’s economy, with the
growth rate of the economy in Asia becoming increasingly more important. Our
historical operating results reflect the cyclical and volatile nature of the
styrene markets and the petrochemicals industry generally. These cycles are
characterized by periods of tight supply, leading to increased operating rates
and higher margins, followed by periods of oversupply leading to reduced
operating rates and lower margins. In most cases, increases in supply are due to
large increases in production capacity resulting from the construction of new
facilities or major expansions of existing facilities. Typically, these types of
expansions will cause available supply to greatly exceed demand for an extended
period. Weak economic conditions, either in the United States or in the
international markets generally, tend to result in a reduced growth in demand
and profit margins for styrene, which may in turn materially adversely affect
our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Certain of our
products are sold to only one customer.
In 2006, a single customer, BP
Chemicals, accounted for 100% of our acetic acid revenues while another
customer, BASF, accounted for 100% of our plasticizers revenues. The termination
of one or more of the long-term contracts for
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the purchase of these
products, or a material reduction in the amount of product purchased under
either of these contracts, could materially adversely affect our overall
business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
A large portion
of our styrene capacity is sold in the spot markets, rather than pursuant to
long-term contracts, which may result in lower profitability during periods of
excess domestic or global supply.
A large portion of our capacity for
styrene is uncommitted and is therefore available for sale in the spot markets.
The current negative market conditions could affect us more severely than
competitors in our industry whose production is sold primarily pursuant to
long-term contracts or consumed internally. Future growth in demand for styrene
may not be sufficient to alleviate any existing or future conditions of excess
industry capacity, and such conditions may be sustained or may be further
aggravated by anticipated or unanticipated capacity additions or other events.
During 2007, we expect to have approximately 30% to 40% of our styrene capacity
committed to long-term contracts. A loss of one or more of these contracts could
result in increased styrene sales to the domestic spot and export markets, which
could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of
operations or cash flows.
We may not be
able to increase the price of our products to compensate for increases in
natural gas prices which may, in turn, decrease the competitiveness of our
products in certain markets.
We use significant amounts of natural
gas as fuel in the production of our products, which makes the cost of producing
our products particularly sensitive to changes in natural gas prices. In
addition, most of our suppliers use significant amounts of natural gas in the
production of the raw materials we buy, which results in increased prices for
our raw materials when the price of natural gas increases. There can be
significant disparities in the prices for natural gas in different parts of the
world. Prices for styrene, on the other hand, tend to be consistent throughout
the world, after taking into account transportation costs. Consequently, when
prices for natural gas rise in the United States but not in other parts of the
world, we may not be able to recover these increased costs through higher sales
prices, and our ability to compete with producers elsewhere in the world may be
diminished. In addition, many producers in other parts of the world use
oil-based processes rather than natural gas-based processes. Consequently, the
relationship between the price of crude oil and the price of natural gas can
also affect our competitiveness and our ability to recover increases in the
price of natural gas through higher product sales prices. Over the last few
years, we have experienced periods when domestic prices for natural gas resulted
in our being unable to sell styrene in Europe or Asia at prices above our
variable costs of production, essentially closing those markets to sales of our
styrene. In the future, the domestic price for natural gas may adversely impact
our competitiveness, which could materially adversely affect on business,
financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
We may be unable
to obtain raw materials at reasonable prices, on acceptable terms or at
all.
For most of our products, the aggregate
costs of raw materials and energy resources are far greater than the total of
all other costs of production combined. As a result, an adequate supply of raw
materials at reasonable prices and on acceptable terms is critical to the
success of our business. If we are unable to obtain raw materials at reasonable
prices or on acceptable terms, our results of operations are negatively
affected. Most of the raw materials necessary for our production of styrene are
commodities and, consequently, are subject to wide fluctuations in prices for a
variety of reasons beyond our control. Several factors may impact the cost or
supply of our raw materials, including regional and global balances of supply
and demand, the availability and pricing for crude oil and the occurrence of
plant outages and other supply disruptions. While the markets for our products
are generally global, prices and availability for most of our raw materials are
influenced by regional factors. As a result, we may pay higher prices for raw
materials than our competitors pay in other parts of the world or be unable to
obtain raw materials at times when they are available to our competitors, both
of which may negatively impact our competitiveness and our business, financial
condition, results of operations or cash flows.
All of our primary raw materials are
supplied by others pursuant to long-term contracts or spot market purchases.
While we often enter into supply agreements, as is the general practice in our
industry, these agreements typically provide for market-based pricing.
Consequently, our supply agreements provide only limited protection against
price volatility. In addition, it has become increasingly more difficult to
secure long-term supply agreements for benzene, as benzene producers appear to
have shifted their approach towards the sale of benzene from dedicated supply
arrangements to predominantly spot sales in an active trading market. The
markets for our raw materials are also subject to disruptions. If our suppliers
are unable to meet their obligations under applicable supply agreements or we
are otherwise unable to obtain reasonably priced raw materials, our business may
be disrupted. For example, ethylene became difficult to obtain after Hurricane
Katrina and Hurricane Rita shut down several production units over an extended
period. This limited the ability to purchase ethylene in the spot market at the
same time when contract suppliers were putting customers on allocation or
declaring force majeure. In addition, we rely on Praxair as our sole
15
supplier of carbon
monoxide, which is a necessary raw material for our production of acetic acid,
and any disruption in the supply of carbon monoxide from Praxair will disrupt
our production of acetic acid since this gas is delivered directly by pipeline
with no intermediate storage capacity. In the case of either raw materials price
increases or supply disruptions, we could incur significant additional costs.
While we attempt to match raw materials cost increases with corresponding
product price increases, we are not always able to raise product prices
immediately and, ultimately, our ability to pass on underlying cost increases to
our customers is greatly dependent upon product market conditions. Any
underlying cost increase that we are not able to pass on to our customers could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of
operations or cash flows.
We may be unable
to compete successfully with integrated and larger competitors.
We compete with some of the world’s
largest chemical companies, most of whom are engaged in much broader businesses
and either internally supply significant portions of the raw materials they need
to produce styrene, or internally use significant amounts of the styrene they
produce to make derivative products. We do not make any of the primary raw
materials required for styrene production or convert any of our styrene into
other products. Consequently, our production costs may be higher than those of
our competitors during periods when demand for required raw materials exceeds
supply and, in more extreme cases, we may not be able to obtain the required raw
materials in the market at times when our competitors are supplying their own
raw materials internally. In addition, as production costs are highly influenced
by production rates, our absence of internal uses for our styrene typically
results in lower production rates, and consequently higher production costs, at
our facilities during periods when the balance of supply and demand for styrene
favors consumers. Our competitors who internally consume significant amounts of
styrene, have less volatile production rates and more stable production costs.
Our industry is
highly competitive and our results are significantly impacted by manufacturing
costs.
We compete with some of the world’s
largest chemical companies on the basis of product price, quality and
deliverability. However, prices for our styrene are determined by global market
factors that are largely beyond our control. Except with respect to our
long-term contracts, we generally sell our styrene at prevailing market prices.
As a result, our financial performance relative to our competitors, most of whom
are larger than us, is greatly influenced by our manufacturing costs.
The worsening of
conditions in the styrene industry could cause us to generate losses significant
enough to warrant a shut down of our styrene plant.
While we intend to continue operating
our styrene facilities for the foreseeable future, if conditions in the styrene
industry worsen, we may be required to close these facilities. In recent years,
relatively high costs of raw materials have resulted in higher styrene prices,
negatively impacting demand growth and compressing styrene margins. In addition,
over the last two years, these relatively higher raw materials prices have
significantly limited our ability to sell styrene into the Asian markets and
high styrene prices have reduced styrene global demand growth rates.
Furthermore, several of our competitors have announced their intention to build
new styrene production units outside the United States, which may further
increase the challenges we face in selling styrene into the Asian markets. If
any such new units are completed, we anticipate more difficult market
conditions, especially in the export markets. If our styrene margins decrease
significantly or our ability to sell into the export market decreases further,
we may generate significant losses which could cause us to close our styrene
facilities without seeking strategic alternatives and could materially adversely
affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Our ability to
realize increases in our acetic acid production capacity made possible through
capacity expansions is limited by the current inability to obtain sufficient
quantities of carbon monoxide.
Carbon monoxide is one of the principal
raw materials required for acetic acid production. Currently, all of the carbon
monoxide we use in the production of acetic acid is supplied by Praxair from a
partial oxidation unit constructed by Praxair on land leased from us at our
Texas City site. Although our new acetic acid reactor installed in 2003 is
capable of producing up to 1.7 billion pounds annually, Praxair’s partial
oxidation unit is not capable of supplying carbon monoxide in quantities
sufficient for more than approximately 1.2 billion pounds of annual acetic
acid production. Moreover, the supply of sufficient quantities of carbon
monoxide will likely require the construction of a new supply pipeline, which
will require numerous third party and regulatory consents, or a substantial
expansion of the Praxair oxidation unit. The expansion of the Praxair oxidation
unit may not be cost effective and we may not be able to contract for the supply
of carbon monoxide in quantities sufficient to increase our annual acetic acid
production to 1.7 billion pounds. Furthermore, the construction of a supply
pipeline may require a substantial period of time.
16
The styrene
industry has experienced several years of depressed conditions and some of our
current or potential styrene customers may be in troubled financial
condition.
The styrene industry is highly volatile
and has experienced several years of depressed conditions. As a result, many of
our styrene customers have suffered prolonged losses and diminished liquidity.
While we attempt to manage our credit exposure to our styrene customers on a
case-by-case basis through a variety of methods, including requiring letters of
credit, establishing credit limits or, in extreme cases, requiring
cash-on-delivery for our products, we cannot be sure that our styrene customers
will not default on their obligations to us. A default by one or more of our
styrene customers on their payment obligations to us would have a negative
effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash
flows, which effect could be material.
Our styrene
technology is widely available and could become obsolete.
A significant portion of our styrene
business is based upon widely available technology. Accordingly, barriers to
entry, apart from capital availability, are low in certain product segments of
our business, and the entrance of new competitors into the industry may reduce
our ability to capture improving profit margins in circumstances where capacity
utilization in the industry is increasing. Currently, a competing technology
exists for the production of styrene which allows for lower overall production
economics than the technology we utilize. If this technology becomes a more
predominant method for producing styrene, it could materially adversely affect
our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
We sell a
significant portion of styrene to international customers. Reliance on overseas
markets subjects us to significant risks inherent in operating
internationally.
Our international operations are
subject to a number of risks inherent to any business operating in foreign
countries. As we continue to sell our products to such countries, our operations
will encounter the following risks, among others:
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political and economic instability and disruptions; |
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the inability to collect amounts owed; |
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the inability to secure adequate shipping space for our products at
acceptable prices, which could adversely affect our competitiveness
relative to producers located in close proximity to our foreign
customers; |
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terrorism, civil uprisings, riots and war, which can make it unsafe to
continue operations; |
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the imposition of duties and tariffs, import and export
controls; |
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decrees, laws, regulations, interpretations and court decisions under
legal systems, such as in the Peoples’ Republic of China, which are not
always fully developed and which may be retroactively applied and cause us
to incur unanticipated or unrecoverable costs, as well as delays which may
result in real or opportunity costs; and |
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transportation delays and interruptions. |
We cannot predict the
nature or the likelihood of any of these events. However, the occurrence of any
one or more of these events could have an adverse effect on our international
sales by reducing the demand for our products, decreasing the prices at which we
can sell our products or otherwise having an adverse effect on our business,
financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
The markets for our products, and the
prices we receive for our products, are based on international supply and
demand. In recent years, demand in Asia, particularly China, and capacity
expansions in Asia and the Middle East, have driven product price trends. China
has pursued an aggressive economic expansion in recent years. If this expansion
ceased, or significantly slowed, the markets for our products could be
materially adversely affected. Countries in Asia and in the Middle East have
also completed or announced significant capacity increases for most of the
products we produce, and may expand production even further in the future. These
developments could have a significant negative impact on our ability to maintain
existing market share, sell products in the foreign or domestic markets or may
adversely impact our profit margins.
17
We depend upon
the continued operation of a single site for all of our production.
All of our products are produced at our
Texas City site. Significant unscheduled downtime at our Texas City site could
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of
operations or cash flows. Unanticipated downtime can occur for a variety of
reasons, including equipment breakdowns, interruptions in the supply of raw
materials, power failures, sabotage, natural forces or other hazards associated
with the production of petrochemicals. Although we maintain business
interruption insurance, this insurance does not provide coverage for business
interruptions of less than 45 days and is limited in its overall coverage.
Our operations
involve risks that may increase our operating costs, which could reduce our
profitability.
Although we take precautions to enhance
the safety of our operations and minimize the risk of disruptions, our
operations are subject to hazards inherent in the manufacturing and marketing of
chemical products. These hazards include:
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pipeline or storage tank leaks and ruptures, explosions and
fires; |
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severe weather and natural disasters; |
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mechanical failures, unscheduled downtimes, labor difficulties and
transportation interruptions; |
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environmental remediation complications and |
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chemical spills and discharges or releases of toxic or hazardous
substances or gases. |
Many of these hazards
can cause bodily injury or loss of life, severe damage to or destruction of
property or equipment or environmental damage, and may result in suspension of
operations or the imposition of civil or criminal penalties and liabilities.
Furthermore, we are subject to present and future claims with respect to
workplace exposure of our employees or contractors on our premises or other
persons located nearby, workers’ compensation and other matters.
Our operations
are subject to operating hazards and unforeseen interruptions for which we may
not be adequately insured.
We maintain insurance coverage at
levels that we believe are reasonable and typical for our industry, portions of
which are provided by a captive insurance company maintained by us and a few
other chemical companies. However, we are not fully insured against all
potential hazards incident to our business. Accordingly, our insurance coverage
may be inadequate for any given risk or liability, such as property damage
suffered in hurricanes or from terrorist acts or business interruption incurred
from a loss of our supply of electricity or carbon monoxide. In addition, our
insurance companies may be incapable of honoring their commitments if an
unusually high number of claims are concurrently made against their policies. As
a result of market conditions, premiums and deductibles for certain insurance
policies can increase substantially and, in some instances, certain insurance
may become unavailable or available only for reduced amounts of coverage. If we
were to incur a significant liability for which we were not fully insured, it
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition,
results of operations or cash flows. We can make no assurances that we can renew
our existing insurance coverages at commercially reasonable rates or that such
coverage will be adequate to cover future claims that may arise.
In addition, concerns about terrorist
attacks, as well as other factors, have caused significant increases in the cost
of our insurance coverage. We have determined that it is not economically
prudent to obtain terrorism insurance and we do not carry terrorism insurance on
our property at this time. In the event of a terrorist attack impacting one or
more of our production units, we could lose the production and sales from one or
more of these facilities, and the facilities themselves, and could become liable
for contamination or personal or property damage from exposure to hazardous
materials caused by a terrorist attack. Such loss of production, sales,
facilities or incurrence of liabilities could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Terrorist
attacks, the current military action in Iraq, general instability in various
OPEC member nations and other attacks or acts of war in the United States and
abroad may adversely affect the markets in which we operate.
The attacks of September 11, 2001
and subsequent events, including the current military action in Iraq, have
caused instability in the United States and other financial markets and have
led, and may continue to lead, to further armed hostilities, prolonged military
action in Iraq or further acts of terrorism in the United States or abroad,
which could
18
cause further
instability in the financial markets and in the markets for our products.
Current regional tensions and conflicts in various OPEC member nations,
including the current military action in Iraq, have caused, and may continue to
cause, increased raw materials costs, specifically raising the prices of oil and
gas, which are used in our operations or affect the prices of our raw materials.
Furthermore, the terrorist attacks, subsequent events or future developments in
any of these areas may result in reduced demand from our customers for our
products. These developments could subject our operations to increased risks
and, depending on their magnitude, could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
New regulations
concerning the transportation of hazardous chemicals and the security of
chemical manufacturing facilities could result in higher operating
costs.
Chemical manufacturing facilities may
be at greater risk of future terrorist attacks than other potential targets in
the United States. As a result, the chemical industry has responded to the
issues surrounding the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 by starting
new initiatives relating to the security of chemicals industry facilities and
the transportation of hazardous chemicals in the United States. Simultaneously,
local, state and federal governments have begun a regulatory process that could
lead to new regulations impacting the security of chemical plant locations and
the transportation of hazardous chemicals. Our business or our customers’
businesses could be adversely affected because of the cost of complying with new
security regulations.
We are subject to
many environmental and safety regulations that may result in significant
unanticipated costs or liabilities or cause interruptions in our
operations.
Our operations involve the handling,
production, transportation, treatment and disposal of materials that are
classified as hazardous or toxic and that are extensively regulated by
environmental and health and safety laws, regulations and permit requirements.
We may incur substantial costs, including fines, damages and criminal or civil
sanctions, or experience interruptions in our operations for actual or alleged
violations or compliance requirements arising under environmental laws, any of
which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition,
results of operations or cash flows. Our operations could result in violations
of environmental laws, including spills or other releases of hazardous
substances to the environment. In the event of a catastrophic incident, we could
incur material costs. Furthermore, we may be liable for the costs of
investigating and cleaning up environmental contamination on or from our
properties or at off-site locations where we disposed of or arranged for the
disposal or treatment of hazardous materials. Based on available information, we
believe that the costs to investigate and remediate known contamination will not
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of
operations or cash flows. However, if significant previously unknown
contamination is discovered, or if existing laws or their enforcement change,
then the resulting expenditures could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Environmental, health and safety laws,
regulations and permit requirements, and the potential for further expanded
laws, regulations and permit requirements may increase our costs or reduce
demand for our products and thereby negatively affect our business.
Environmental permits required for our operations are subject to periodic
renewal and may be revoked or modified for cause or when new or revised
environmental requirements are implemented. Changing and increasingly strict
environmental requirements and the potential for further expanded regulation may
increase our costs and can affect the manufacturing, handling, processing,
distribution and use of our products. If so affected, our business and
operations may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, changes in
these requirements may cause us to incur substantial costs in upgrading or
redesigning our facilities and processes, including our waste treatment,
storage, disposal and other waste handling practices and equipment. For these
reasons, we may need to make capital expenditures beyond those currently
anticipated to comply with existing or future environmental or safety laws.
Approximately 37%
of our employees are covered by a collective bargaining agreement that expires
on May 1, 2007. Disputes with the union representing these employees or our
inability to conclude a favorable renewal of the collective bargaining agreement
may negatively affect our business.
As of December 31, 2006, we had
274 employees, of whom approximately 37% (all of our hourly employees at our
Texas City site) are covered by a collective bargaining agreement which expires
on May 1, 2007, and we expect to engage in negotiations for a new
collective bargaining agreement in April 2007. In connection with two
previous renegotiations of this collective bargaining agreement, we locked out
our employees for 16 weeks and our hourly employees engaged in a one-week
strike. Any further labor disturbances could have a material adverse effect on
our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. During
the lockout and the strike, our Texas City site was operated by our salaried
workers and contract workers at comparable cost without interruption, loss of
production or environmental incident. Neither the lockout nor the strike had a
material adverse effect on our business, financial
19
condition, results of
operations or cash flows, although we can give no assurances that future similar
occurrences will not have such an impact.
A failure to
retain our key employees could adversely affect our business.
We are dependent on the services of the
members of our senior management team to remain competitive in our industry.
There is a risk that we will not be able to retain or replace these key
employees. Our current key employees are subject to employment conditions or
arrangements that permit the employees to terminate their employment without
notice. The loss of any member of our senior management team could materially
adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or
cash flows.
Transactions
consummated pursuant to our plan of reorganization could result in the
imposition of material tax liabilities.
Prior to our emergence from bankruptcy,
we eliminated our holding company structure by merging Sterling Chemicals
Holdings, Inc. with and into us. We believe that this merger qualifies as a
tax-free reorganization pursuant to Section 368(a)(1)(G) of the Internal
Revenue Code (commonly referred to as a “G Reorganization”) for United States
federal income tax purposes. However, a judicial determination that this merger
did not qualify as a G Reorganization would result in additional federal income
tax liability which could materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We may not
successfully implement our acquisition strategy, and acquisitions that we pursue
may present unforeseen integration obstacles or costs, increase our leverage or
negatively impact our performance.
We may not be able to identify suitable
acquisition candidates, and the expense incurred in consummating acquisitions of
related businesses, or our failure to integrate such businesses successfully
into our existing businesses, could affect our growth or result in our incurring
unanticipated expenses and losses. Furthermore, we may not be able to realize
any anticipated benefits from acquisitions. From time to time we evaluate
potential acquisitions and may complete one or more significant acquisitions in
the future. To finance an acquisition we may need to incur debt or issue equity.
However, we may not be able to obtain favorable debt or equity financing to
complete an acquisition, or at all. In particular, the lack of an active trading
market in our common stock, as well as the dilutive terms of our outstanding
Series A convertible preferred stock, may make our common stock
unattractive as consideration for an acquisition. The process of integrating
acquired operations into our existing operations may result in unforeseen
operating difficulties and may require significant financial resources that
would otherwise be available for the ongoing development or expansion of
existing operations. Some of the risks associated with our acquisition strategy,
which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition,
results of operations or cash flows, include:
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potential disruption of our ongoing business and distraction of
management; |
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unexpected loss of key employees or customers of an acquired
business; |
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conforming an acquired business’ standards, processes, procedures or
controls with our operations; |
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coordinating new product and process development; |
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hiring additional management or other critical personnel; |
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encountering unknown contingent liabilities which could be material;
and |
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increasing the scope, geographic diversity and complexity of our
operations. |
Our acquisition strategy may not be
favorably received by customers, and we may not realize any anticipated benefits
from acquisitions.
20
Risks Relating to
the Ownership of our Common Stock
Our common stock
is thinly traded. There is no active trading market for our common stock and an
active trading market may not develop.
Our common stock is not listed on any
national or regional securities exchange. Quotations for shares of our common
stock are listed by certain members of the National Association of Securities
Dealers, Inc. on the OTC Electronic Bulletin Board. In recent years, the trading
volume of our common stock has been very low and the transactions that have
occurred were typically effected in transactions for which reliable market
quotations have not been available. An active trading market may not develop or,
if developed, may not continue for our equity securities, and a holder of any of
these securities may find it difficult to dispose of, or to obtain accurate
quotations as to the market value of such securities.
We have a
significant stockholder which has the ability to control our actions.
Resurgence Asset Management, L.L.C. and
its and its affiliates’ managed funds and accounts (collectively, “Resurgence”)
own in excess of 98% of our preferred stock and over 60% of our common stock,
representing ownership of over 82% of the total voting power of our equity. The
interests of Resurgence may differ from our other stockholders and Resurgence
may vote their interests in a manner that may adversely affect our other
stockholders. Through their direct and indirect interests in us, Resurgence is
in a position to influence the outcome of most matters requiring a stockholder
vote. This concentrated ownership makes it less likely that any other holder or
group of holders of common stock would be able to influence the way we are
managed or the direction of our business. These factors also may delay or
prevent a change in our management or voting control.
Our preferred
stock pays a quarterly stock dividend that is dilutive to the holders of our
common stock.
Our shares of preferred stock carry a
cumulative dividend rate of 4% per quarter, payable in additional shares of
preferred stock. Our shares of preferred stock are convertible at the option of
the holder into shares of our common stock and vote as if so converted on all
matters presented to the holders of our common stock for a vote. Consequently,
each dividend paid in additional shares of our preferred stock has a dilutive
effect on our shares of common stock and increases the percentage of the total
voting power of equity owned by Resurgence. In 2006, we issued an additional
594.832 shares of our preferred stock (which is convertible into 594,832 shares
of our common stock) in dividends, which represents 8.6% of the current total
voting power of our equity securities.
The existence of
our preferred stock and limited liquidity of our common stock may limit our
ability to utilize our equity to pursue strategic initiatives that may otherwise
exist.
The existence of our preferred stock
and the limited trading market of our common stock (as discussed above) could
make it more difficult to use these instruments as part of implementing our
strategy to grow the business.
Item 2.
Properties
Our petrochemicals site is located in
Texas City, Texas, approximately 45 miles south of Houston, on a 290-acre site
on Galveston Bay near many other chemical manufacturing complexes and
refineries. We own all of the real property which comprises our Texas City site
and we own the acetic acid, styrene and plasticizers manufacturing facilities
located at the site. We also lease a portion of our Texas City site to Praxair,
who constructed a partial oxidation unit on that land, and lease a portion of
our Texas City site to S&L Cogeneration Company, a 50/50 joint venture
between us and Praxair Energy Resources, Inc., who constructed a cogeneration
facility on that land. Our Texas City site offers approximately 135 acres for
future expansion by us or by other companies who could benefit from our existing
infrastructure and facilities, and includes a greenbelt around the northern edge
of the plant site. We own 126 railcars and, at our Texas City site, we have
facilities to load and unload our products and raw materials in ocean-going
vessels, barges, trucks and railcars.
21
Substantially all of our Texas City,
Texas site, and the tangible properties located thereon, are subject to a lien
securing our obligations under our Secured Notes.
We lease the space for our principal
executive offices, located at 333 Clay Street, Suite 3600 in Houston,
Texas.
We believe our properties and equipment
are sufficient to conduct our business.
Item 3.
Legal Proceedings
On July 5, 2005, Patrick B.
McCarthy, an employee of Kinder-Morgan, was seriously injured at Kinder-Morgan,
Inc.’s facilities near Cincinnati, Ohio while attempting to offload a railcar
containing one of our plasticizers products. On October 28, 2005,
Mr. McCarthy and his family filed a suit in the Court of Common Pleas,
Hamilton County, Ohio (Case No. A0509144) against us, BASF and five other
defendants. The plaintiffs are seeking a minimum amount of $150,000 in damages
related to medical expenses and loss of earnings and earnings capacity, among
other things, and punitive damages. Discovery is ongoing in this case as to the
underlying cause of the accident and the parties’ respective liability, if any.
At this time, it is impossible to determine what, if any, liability we will have
for this incident and we will vigorously defend the suit. We believe that all,
or substantially all, of any liability imposed upon us as a result of this suit
and our related out-of-pocket costs and expenses will be covered by our
insurance policies, subject to a $1 million deductible. We do not believe that
this incident will have a material adverse affect on our business, financial
position, results of operations or cash flows, although we cannot guarantee that
a material adverse effect will not occur.
On August 17, 2006, we initiated
an arbitration proceeding against BP Chemicals to resolve a dispute involving
the interpretation of provisions of our acetic acid production agreement with BP
Chemicals. Under the production agreement, BP Chemicals reimburses our
manufacturing expenses and pays us a percentage of the profits derived from the
sales of the acetic acid we produce. Historically, the costs of manufacturing
charged to our acetic acid business, and reimbursed by BP Chemicals, included
the amounts we paid Praxair for carbon monoxide, hydrogen and a blend of carbon
monoxide and hydrogen commonly referred to as “blend gas”. Our acetic acid
business has always used all of the carbon monoxide produced by Praxair, other
than the small amount of carbon monoxide included in the blend gas. Until
recently, all of the blend gas produced by Praxair was used by the oxo-alcohols
plant included in our plasticizers business. During the period when the
oxo-alcohols plant was operating, BP Chemicals was compensated for the use of
this blend gas by our oxo-alcohols plant through a credit to the amount of our
manufacturing expenses reimbursed by BP Chemicals. Effective July 1, 2006,
we permanently closed our oxo-alcohols plant. BP Chemicals has taken the
position that it is entitled to continue to deduct a portion of the blend gas
credit from the reimbursement of our manufacturing expenses, even though our
oxo-alcohols plant has been closed and is no longer taking any blend gas and the
Praxair facilities have been modified so that the carbon monoxide previously
used in blend gas is now being delivered to our acetic acid operations.
Effective August 1, 2006, BP Chemicals began short paying our invoices for
manufacturing expenses by the portion of the credit that BP Chemicals claims
should continue through July 31, 2016. The disputed portion of the credit
averaged approximately $0.3 million per month during 2006. We are also
seeking additional damages from BP Chemicals in the arbitration based on what we
believe are breaches of duty by BP Chemicals. The arbitration hearing was
scheduled for August 6, 2007. However, pursuant to an agreement reached in
principle on January 31, 2007, the parties will abate the arbitration
proceeding for a period of at least six months while they attempt to reach a
negotiated settlement. As part of the agreement, BP Chemicals reimbursed us
$0.8 million on February 5, 2007, which was 50% of the accrued
disputed credit, and will continue to pay 50% of the disputed amount each month
during the period of negotiation. The parties have stipulated that the payments
are made without prejudice, in that BP Chemicals is not admitting liability and
continues to insist that we remain liable for the disputed portion of the blend
gas credit. According to the agreement, if a settlement is not reached within
six months, either party may reinstate the arbitration process, and seek a
hearing date consistent with the current schedule, or approximately seven months
thereafter. Under the January 31, 2007 agreement, if the arbitration
proceeds to an award, the amounts paid by BP Chemicals will be credited against
any sums awarded to us or refunded by us to BP Chemicals, depending on the
ruling of the arbitration panel. We believe that our acetic acid production
agreement does not contemplate the continuation of any portion of the blend gas
credit under these circumstances and will vigorously pursue our position.
Although we are in a dispute with BP
Chemicals over the interpretation of this contractual provision, we believe that
we continue to have a constructive working relationship with BP Chemicals, as
has been the case since 1986. As part of the settlement negotiations over the
blend gas calculation, we may discuss an extension of the term of the acetic
acid production agreement.
On February 21, 2007, we received
a summons naming us as a defendant in a class action suit, Case
No. H-07-0625 filed in the United States District Court, Southern District
of Texas, Houston Division. The plaintiffs comprising the
22
proposed class are
employees and retired employees of Sterling Fibers, Inc., one of our former
subsidiaries that was sold in connection with our Plan of Reorganization in
2002. The plaintiffs are alleging that we were not permitted to increase their
premiums for retiree medical insurance based on a provision contained in the
asset purchase agreement between us and Cytec Industries Inc. governing our
purchase of our former acrylic fibers business in 1997. During our bankruptcy,
we specifically rejected this asset purchase agreement. The plaintiffs are
making claims for breach of contract and claims under the Employee Retirement
Income Security Act and seek damages, declaratory relief, punitive damages and
attorneys’ fees. At this time, we have not determined what, if any, liability we
may have in this matter and intend to vigorously defend this action. We do not
believe a loss related to this matter is probable, therefore no liability
associated with this matter has been accrued. Currently, we are unable to
determine the possible range of loss related to this matter, if any.
We are subject to various other claims
and legal actions that arise in the ordinary course of our business. We do not
believe that any of these claims and actions, separately or in the aggregate,
will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results
of operation or cash flows, although we cannot guarantee that a material adverse
effect will not occur.
Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
No matters were submitted to a vote of
security holders during the fourth quarter of 2006.
23
PART II
Item 5.
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder
Matters
Our common stock, par value $0.01 per
share, is currently quoted on the Over-the-Counter (“OTC”) Electronic Bulletin
Board maintained by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. under
the symbol “SCHI.” The following table contains information about the high and
low sales prices per share of our common stock for the last two years.
Information about OTC Electronic Bulletin Board bid quotations represents prices
between dealers, does not include retail mark-ups, mark-downs or commissions,
and may not necessarily represent actual transactions. Quotations on the OTC
Electronic Bulletin Board are sporadic, and currently there is no established
public trading market for our common stock.
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
First |
|
Second |
|
Third |
|
Fourth |
| |
|
Quarter |
|
Quarter |
|
Quarter |
|
Quarter |
|
2006 High |
|
$ |
11.50 |
|
|
$ |
15.00 |
|
|
$ |
14.90 |
|
|
$ |
15.00 |
|
|
Low |
|
$ |
10.00 |
|
|
$ |
10.25 |
|
|
$ |
13.10 |
|
|
$ |
12.48 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 High |
|
$ |
46.50 |
|
|
$ |
41.00 |
|
|
$ |
37.00 |
|
|
$ |
25.50 |
|
|
Low |
|
$ |
35.05 |
|
|
$ |
26.00 |
|
|
$ |
22.00 |
|
|
$ |
11.77 |
|
The last reported sale
price per share of our common stock as reported on the OTC Electronic Bulletin
Board on March 9, 2007 was $11.00. As of March 9, 2007, there were 328
holders of record of our common stock. This number does not include stockholders
for whom shares are held in a nominee or “street” name.
Dividend Policy
We have not declared or paid any cash
dividends with respect to our common stock since we emerged from bankruptcy in
December 2002. We do not presently intend to pay cash dividends with
respect to our common stock for the foreseeable future. In addition, we cannot
pay dividends on our shares of common stock under the indenture for our Secured
Notes or under our revolving credit facility. The payment of cash dividends, if
any, will be made only from assets legally available for that purpose, and will
depend on our financial condition, results of operations, current and
anticipated capital requirements, general business conditions, restrictions
under our existing debt instruments and other factors deemed relevant by our
Board of Directors.
Equity Compensation
Plan
Under our 2002 Stock Plan, officers,
key employees and consultants, as designated by our Board of Directors or
Compensation Committee, may be issued stock options, stock awards, stock
appreciation rights or stock units. Our 2002 Stock Plan is administered by our
Board of Directors, in consultation with our Compensation Committee, and may be
amended or modified from time to time by our Board of Directors in accordance
with its terms. Our Board of Directors or Compensation Committee determines the
exercise price of stock options, any applicable vesting provisions and other
terms and provisions of each grant in accordance with our 2002 Stock Plan.
Options granted under our 2002 Stock Plan become fully exercisable in the event
of the optionee’s termination of employment by reason of death, disability or
retirement, and may become fully exercisable in the event of a “change of
control.” No option may be exercised after the tenth anniversary of the date of
grant or the earlier termination of the option. We have reserved 363,914 shares
of our common stock for issuance under the 2002 Stock Plan (subject to
adjustment). On February 11, 2003, we granted certain of our officers and
key employees, options to purchase 326,000 shares of our common stock under our
2002 Stock Plan at an exercise price of $31.60 per share, 15,833 of which have
been exercised and 59,167 of which have lapsed or expired without being
exercised. On November 5, 2004, we granted one of our officers options to
purchase 27,500 shares of our common stock under our 2002 Stock Plan at an
exercise price of $31.60 per share. We have not made any other awards under our
2002 Stock Plan.
24
The following table provides
information regarding securities authorized for issuance under our 2002 Stock
Plan as of December 31, 2006:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of securities |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
remaining available for |
| |
|
Number of securities to |
|
Weighted-average |
|
future issuance under |
| |
|
be issued upon exercise |
|
exercise price of |
|
equity compensation
plans |
| |
|
of outstanding options, |
|
outstanding options, |
|
(excluding securities |
| Plan
Category |
|
warrants and rights |
|
warrants and rights |
|
reflected in first column |
|
Equity compensation
plans approved by security holders(1) |
|
|
278,500 |
|
|
$ |
31.60 |
|
|
|
85,414 |
|
|
Equity compensation
plans not approved by security holders |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
278,500 |
|
|
$ |
31.60 |
|
|
|
85,414 |
|
|
|
|
| (1) |
|
Our 2002 Stock Plan was authorized and established under our Plan of
Reorganization, which became effective on December 19, 2002. Our Plan
of Reorganization provided that, without any further act or authorization,
confirmation of our Plan of Reorganization and entry of the confirmation
order was deemed to satisfy all applicable federal and state law
requirements and all listing standards of any securities exchange for
approval by the board of directors or the stockholders of our 2002 Stock
Plan. No additional stockholder approval of our 2002 Stock Plan has been
obtained. |
Performance
Graph
The following performance graph
compares our cumulative total stockholder return on shares of our common stock
for a four-year period with the cumulative total return of the Standard &
Poor’s 500 Stock Index (the “S & P 500 Index”) and the Standard & Poor’s
Diversified Chemicals Index (the “S & P Chemicals Index”). The graph assumes
the investment of $100 on December 31, 2002 in shares of our common stock,
the S & P 500 Index and the S & P Chemicals Index and the reinvestment
of dividends.
COMPARISON OF 4
YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
Among Sterling Chemicals Inc., The S &
P 500 Index
And The S & P Diversified Chemicals Index
|
|
|
| * |
|
$100 invested on 1/3/03 in stock or on 12/31/02 in index-including
reinvestment of dividends. Fiscal year ending December 31. |
| |
| |
|
Copyright © 2007, Standard & Poor’s, a division of The McGraw-Hill
Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
www.researchdatagroup.com/S&P.htm |
25
Item 6.
Selected Financial Data
The following table sets forth selected
financial data with respect to our consolidated financial condition and
consolidated results of operations and should be read in conjunction with our
historical consolidated financial statements and related notes, “Item 7.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations” and our Financial Statements and Supplementary Data included in
Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
On July 16, 2001, Sterling
Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries, including us, filed voluntary
petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the United States
Bankruptcy Code. Our Plan of Reorganization was confirmed on November 20,
2002 and, on December 19, 2002, we emerged from bankruptcy. Due to the
implementation of fresh-start accounting upon our emergence from bankruptcy, we
refer to ourselves as “Predecessor Sterling” for periods on or before
December 19, 2002 and “Reorganized Sterling” for periods after
December 19, 2002. Prior to December 6, 2002, all issued and
outstanding shares of Predecessor Sterling’s capital stock were held by Sterling
Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and, accordingly, per share data prior to
December 19, 2002 is not presented.
The consolidated statements of
operations information for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, 2004
and 2003 and the transition period from December 20, 2002 to
December 31, 2002, and the consolidated balance sheet information as of
December 31, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2003 and 2002, reflect the financial
position and operating results after giving effect to our plan of reorganization
and the application of the principles of fresh-start accounting in accordance
with the provisions of Statement of Position 90-7, “Financial Reporting by
Entities in Reorganization under the Bankruptcy Code”. Accordingly, such
financial information is not comparable to the historical financial information
before December 20, 2002. During 2002, we changed our fiscal year end from
September 30 to December 31.
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Reorganized Sterling |
|
|
Predecessor Sterling |
| |
|
Year ended |
|
Year ended |
|
Year ended |
|
Year ended |
|
December 20 to |
|
|
October 1 to |
|
Fiscal Year Ended |
| |
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
|
December 19, |
|
September 30, |
| |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
2002 |
|
2002 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In Thousands, Except Per Share
Data) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
|
$ |
667,544 |
|
|
$ |
641,886 |
|
|
$ |
655,353 |
|
|
$ |
518,772 |
|
|
$ |
12,211 |
|
|
|
$ |
98,575 |
|
|
$ |
375,095 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
(loss) |
|
|
12,826 |
|
|
|
(11,248 |
) |
|
|
22,344 |
|
|
|
23,790 |
|
|
|
1,494 |
|
|
|
|
6,471 |
|
|
|
47,530 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from
continuing operations(1) |
|
|
(104,622 |
) |
|
|
(18,508 |
) |
|
|
(39,881 |
) |
|
|
1,270 |
|
|
|
(553 |
) |
|
|
|
230,145 |
|
|
|
(32,685 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) from
discontinued operations(2) |
|
|
(997 |
) |
|
|
(11,060 |
) |
|
|
(22,763 |
) |
|
|
(15,469 |
) |
|
|
(991 |
) |
|
|
|
188,466 |
|
|
|
(3,301 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per Share
Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss attributable
to common stockholders |
|
$ |
(40.26 |
) |
|
$ |
(12.94 |
) |
|
$ |
(24.30 |
) |
|
$ |
(6.84 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.61 |
) |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss from
continuing operations attributable to common stockholders |
|
|
(39.91 |
) |
|
|
(9.03 |
) |
|
|
(16.24 |
) |
|
|
(1.36 |
) |
|
|
(0.26 |
) |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash dividends |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
26
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Reorganized Sterling |
|
|
Predecessor Sterling |
| |
|
Year ended |
|
Year ended |
|
Year ended |
|
Year ended |
|
December 20 to |
|
|
October 1 to |
|
Fiscal Year Ended |
| |
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
|
December 19, |
|
September 30, |
| |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
|
2003 |
|
2002 |
|
|
2002 |
|
2002 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in Thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance Sheet
Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Working capital(3)(6) |
|
$ |
90,124 |
|
|
$ |
76,605 |
|
|
$ |
106,767 |
|
|
$ |
137,412 |
|
|
$ |
149,518 |
|
|
|
$ |
163,638 |
|
|
$ |
154,988 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
|
245,823 |
|
|
|
386,594 |
|
|
|
473,553 |
|
|
|
550,503 |
|
|
|
547,170 |
|
|
|
|
546,014 |
|
|
|
489,648 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt
(excluding current portion of long-term debt)(4)(6) |
|
|
100,579 |
|
|
|
100,579 |
|
|
|
100,579 |
|
|
|
100,579 |
|
|
|
94,275 |
|
|
|
|
94,275 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders’ equity
(deficiency in assets) (5) |
|
|
(22,766 |
) |
|
|
80,285 |
|
|
|
120,083 |
|
|
|
189,436 |
|
|
|
209,011 |
|
|
|
|
210,725 |
|
|
|
(611,477 |
) |
|
|
|
| (1) |
|
During 2006, we recorded a $127.7 million impairment charge to
our styrene assets. There was a deferred tax benefit of $45 million
in connection with this impairment, which was offset by deferred tax
expense of $28 million in connection with the recording of a
valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. During 2004, we
recorded a $48.5 million goodwill impairment charge. Also during
2004, we recorded a pension curtailment gain of $13 million. The
period from October 1, 2002 through December 19, 2002 includes a
net loss on fresh-start adjustments of $203 million, along with a net
gain on debt restructuring of $458 million. During fiscal year ended
September 30, 2002, we recorded $56.8 million of deferred tax
expense to reflect a full valuation allowance on our U.S. deferred tax
assets. |
| |
| (2) |
|
During 2005, we announced that we were exiting the acrylonitrile
business and related derivatives operations. During 2004, we recorded a
$22 million pre-tax impairment charge related to our acrylonitrile
long-lived assets. On December 19, 2002, pursuant to our plan of
reorganization, we sold our pulp chemicals business to Superior Propane,
Inc. for approximately $373 million and our acrylic fibers business
to local management of that business for nominal consideration. The
operating results of these businesses have been reported as discontinued
operations in the consolidated statement of operations and cash flows, and
the assets and liabilities of these businesses have been presented
separately as assets and liabilities related to discontinued operations in
our consolidated balance sheet. |
| |
| (3) |
|
Working capital as of December 31, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002
and September 30, 2002 includes net assets (liabilities) of
discontinued operations of $(0.2) million, $(2) million, $55 million,
$57 million, $27 million and $164 million, respectively.
Working capital as of September 30, 2002 excludes pre-petition
liabilities. |
| |
| (4) |
|
The balance as of September 30, 2002 excludes long-term debt of
$418.4 million and $295.0 million, classified as pre-petition
liabilities – subject to compromise and pre-petition liabilities – not
subject to compromise, respectively. |
| |
| (5) |
|
The balance as of December 31, 2006 includes an increase in
Stockholders’ equity of $6.7 million (net of tax) due to the adoption
of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, “Employers’
Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans”
(“SFAS No. 158”). |
| |
| (6) |
|
As of December 31, 2006, we reclassified $101 million of
debt due in December 2007 to long-term based on our ability and intent to
refinance the debt on a long-term basis. |
27
Item 7.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations
Overview
Business
We are a leading North American
producer of selected petrochemicals used to manufacture a wide array of consumer
goods and industrial products throughout the world. Our primary products are
acetic acid, styrene and plasticizers.
Our acetic acid is used primarily to
manufacture vinyl acetate monomer, which is used in a variety of products,
including adhesives and surface coatings. All of our acetic acid production is
sold to BP Amoco Chemical Company (“BP Chemicals”), and we are BP Chemicals’
sole source of acetic acid production in the Americas. We sell our acetic acid
to BP Chemicals pursuant to the Production Agreement that extends until 2016.
The Production Agreement provides us with a portion of the profits derived from
BP Chemicals’ sales of the acetic acid we produce and reimbursement of 100% of
our fixed and variable costs of production. This Production Agreement has
provided us with a steadily increasing source of income since the inception of
this relationship in 1986 and, over the last three years, we have operated at
over 100% of capacity and at utilization rates greater than the industry
average. We believe we have one of the lowest cost acetic acid facilities in the
world. Our acetic acid facility utilizes BP Chemicals’ proprietary carbonylation
technology, or Cativa Technology, which we believe offers several advantages
over competing production methods, including lower energy requirements and lower
fixed and variable costs. We also jointly invest with BP Chemicals in capital
expenditures related to our acetic acid facility. Acetic acid production has two
major raw materials requirements – methanol and carbon monoxide. BP Chemicals, a
producer of methanol, supplies 100% of our methanol requirements related to our
production of acetic acid. All of the carbon monoxide we use in the production
of acetic acid is supplied by Praxair Hydrogen Supply, Inc. (“Praxair”) from a
partial oxidation unit constructed by Praxair on land leased from us at our
Texas City site.
Styrene is a commodity chemical used to
produce intermediate products such as polystyrene, expandable polystyrene resins
and ABS plastics, which are used in a wide variety of products such as household
goods, foam cups and containers, disposable food service items, toys, packaging
and other consumer and industrial products. Approximately 30% to 40% of our
styrene capacity is currently committed for sales in North America under
long-standing customer relationships. In addition, approximately 30% to 40% of
our styrene capacity is sold on the spot market, with the balance of our
capacity available to produce styrene for sales throughout the world when market
conditions warrant. We had one customer contract, which represented a
significant portion of our 2006 North American committed sales volumes, expire
at the end of 2006 and that contract was not renewed. We are currently pursuing
renewal of another contract that expires in 2007, as well as additional contract
volumes with new customers. We may not be successful in renewing these expiring
contracts or obtaining new contract customers. If we are unsuccessful, we may
lower our styrene production levels or sell more of our styrene production in
the spot markets, both domestic and export, which could materially adversely
affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
All of our plasticizers, which are used
to make flexible plastics, such as shower curtains, floor coverings, automotive
parts and construction materials, are produced exclusively for BASF Corporation
(“BASF”) pursuant to a long-term production agreement that extends until 2013,
subject to some limited early termination rights held by BASF beginning in 2010.
Under our agreement with BASF, BASF provides us with most of the required raw
materials, markets the plasticizers we produce, and is obligated to make certain
fixed quarterly payments to us and to reimburse us monthly for our actual
production costs and capital expenditures relating to our plasticizers facility.
We manufacture all of our
petrochemicals products at our site in Texas City, Texas. In terms of production
capacity, our Texas City site has the sixth largest acetic acid facility in the
world and the 3rd largest styrene facility in North America. Our Texas City
site, which covers an area of 290 acres, is strategically located on Galveston
Bay and benefits from a deep-water dock capable of handling ships with up to a
40-foot draft, as well as four barge docks, direct access to Union Pacific and
Burlington Northern railways with in-motion rail scales on site, truck loading
racks and weigh scales, stainless and mild steel storage tanks, three waste
deepwells, 135 acres of available land zoned for heavy industrial use,
additional land zoned for light industrial use and a supportive political
environment for growth. In addition, we are in the heart of one of the largest
petrochemical complexes on the Gulf Coast and as a result have on-site access to
a number of key raw material pipelines as well as close proximity to a number of
the larger refinery complexes that provide some of our principal raw materials.
As shown below, our rated annual
production capacity as of December 31, 2006 is among the highest in North
America for styrene and acetic acid.
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
Percent of |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
Total North |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Rated Annual |
|
American |
|
North American |
|
Global |
| Product |
|
Production Capacity |
|
Capacity |
|
Market
Position |
|
Production Capacity |
|
Acetic Acid |
|
1.1 billion pounds |
|
17% |
|
3 |
|
24 billion pounds |
| |
|
Styrene |
|
1.7 billion pounds |
|
11% |
|
4 |
|
63 billion
pounds |
28
We generally sell our petrochemicals
products to customers for use in the manufacture of other chemicals and
products, which in turn are used in the production of a wide array of consumer
goods and industrial products throughout the world. The North American acetic
acid industry tends to sell most of its products through long-term sales
agreements having “cost plus” pricing mechanisms, eliminating much of the
volatility seen in other petrochemicals products and resulting in more stable
and predictable earnings and profit margins. Styrene is a commodity and exhibits
wide swings in prices and profit margins based upon current and anticipated
levels of supply and demand. Although exceptions occasionally occur, as a
general rule, if styrene profit margins are favorable, our overall financial
performance is good, but our overall financial performance suffers when styrene
margins are unfavorable. The market for styrene roughly follows repetitive
cycles, and general trends in the supply and demand balance may be observed over
time. However, it is difficult, if not impossible, to definitively predict when
market conditions will be favorable or unfavorable.
Acetic Acid. The North American
acetic acid industry is enjoying a period of sustained domestic demand growth.
as well as substantial export demand. This has led to current North American
industry utilization rates of 86% and Tecnon OrbiChem projects utilization rates
to increase to over 98% by 2013. The North American acetic acid industry is
inherently less cyclical than many other petrochemical products due to a number
of important features.
There are only four large producers of
acetic acid in North America and historically these producers have made capacity
additions in a disciplined and incremental manner, primarily using small
expansion projects or exploiting debottlenecking opportunities. In addition, the
leading technology required to manufacture acetic acid is controlled by two
global companies, which permits these companies to control the pace of new
capacity additions through the licensing or development of such additional
capacity. The limited availability of this technology also creates a significant
barrier to entry into our industry by potential competitors. Additionally,
currently there is no planned development of new acetic acid capacity
contemplated in the Middle East, primarily due to the higher costs of feedstocks
in that region.
Global production capacity of acetic
acid as of December 31, 2006 was approximately 24 billion pounds per
year, with current North American production capacity at approximately
7 billion pounds per year. The North American acetic acid market is mature
and well developed and is dominated by four major producers that account for
over 94% of the production capacity of acetic acid in North America. Demand for
acetic acid is linked to the demand for vinyl acetate monomer, a key
intermediate in the production of a wide array of polymers. Vinyl acetate
monomer is the largest derivative of acetic acid, representing over 40% of total
demand. Annual global production of vinyl acetate monomer is expected to
increase from 10.4 billion pounds in 2005 to 12.2 billion pounds in
2010.
The North American acetic acid industry
tends to sell most of its products through long-term sales agreements having
“cost plus” pricing mechanisms, eliminating much of the volatility seen in other
petrochemicals products and resulting in more stable and predictable earnings
and profit margins.
Several acetic acid capacity additions
have occurred since 1998, including an expansion of our acetic acid unit from
800 million pounds of rated annual production capacity to 1.1 billion
pounds during 2005. These capacity additions were somewhat offset by reductions
of approximately 1.6 billion pounds in annual global capacity from the shutdown
of various outdated acetic acid plants from 1999 through 2001. In 2006, BP
Chemicals closed two of its outdated acetic acid production units in Hull,
England that had a combined annual capacity of approximately 500 million
pounds (which had been sold primarily in Europe and South America). We and BP
Chemicals are reviewing further expansion of our acetic acid plant in 2008 or
2009.
Styrene. The North American
styrene industry is currently in a protracted down cycle, primarily as a result
of over-supply. This shift is the result of two major developments. Export
demand has historically represented over 20% of North American production
capacity. Regional cost pressures in addition to new production capacity being
added in Asia and the Middle East, have made it difficult for North American
producers to compete in these export markets on a continuous basis. In addition,
a significant amount of styrene capacity has been added globally over the past
five to ten years by producers of propylene oxide using so-called PO-SM
technology, which produces styrene as a co-product. Propylene oxide is a key
intermediate in the production of polyurethane, and polyurethane demand growth
has been significantly greater than demand growth for styrene, exacerbating the
over-supply of styrene. During periods of over-supply, production rates for
styrene producers decrease significantly. Production rates in North America are
currently estimated by Chemical Market Associates, Inc. (“CMAI”) to be 75% of
capacity. When production rates are low, unit production costs increase due to
the allocation of fixed costs over a lower production volume and a reduction in
the efficiency of the manufacturing unit, both in energy usage and in the
conversion rates for raw materials. Compounding these cost impacts, prices for
the principal styrene raw materials, benzene and ethylene, are currently near
historical highs, putting pressure on margins on styrene sales even though
styrene contract prices are at near historic highs.
29
According to CMAI,
benzene and ethylene prices are expected to decline by approximately 8% and 7%,
respectively, on average over each of the next five years.
The financial performance of styrene is
primarily a function of sales prices, the costs of raw materials and energy and
sales volumes. In contrast, under the Production Agreement with BP Chemicals and
our agreement with BASF, BP Chemicals is required to provide the methanol to
produce acetic acid and BASF is required to provide us with most of the major
raw materials necessary to plasticizers. These sources of raw materials tend to
mitigate certain risks typically associated with fluctuating raw materials
costs, as well as decrease our working capital requirements. While changes in
the prices for styrene may be tracked through a variety of sources, a change in
price does not necessarily result in a corresponding change in our financial
performance. When the price of styrene increases or decreases, our overall
financial performance may improve, decline or stay roughly the same depending
upon the extent and direction of changes in our costs for raw materials and
energy and our production rates. The aggregate cost of raw materials and energy
resources is far greater than all other costs of producing styrene combined. We
use significant amounts of natural gas as fuel in the production of styrene, and
the producers of most of our raw materials use significant amounts of natural
gas in their production. As a result, our production and raw materials costs
increase or decrease based upon changes in the price for natural gas. Natural
gas and most of our raw materials are commodities and, consequently, are subject
to wide fluctuations in prices, which can, and often do, move independently of
changes in the prices for our products. Prices for, and the availability of,
natural gas and many of our raw materials are largely based on regional factors,
which can result in wide disparities in prices in different parts of the world
or shortages or unavailability in some regions at the same time when these raw
materials are plentiful in other parts of the world. Prices for styrene, on the
other hand, tend to be more consistent throughout the world, after taking into
account transportation costs. Consequently, changes in prices for natural gas
and raw materials tend to impact the margin on our styrene sales rather than the
price of styrene, with margins increasing when natural gas and raw materials
costs decline and vice versa. In addition, many producers in other parts
of the world use oil-based processes rather than natural gas-based processes.
Subsequently, the relationship between the price of crude oil and the price of
natural gas can either increase or decrease our competitiveness depending on
their relative values at any particular point in time. Sales volumes influence
our overall financial performance in a variety of ways. As a general rule,
increases in sales volumes will result in an increase in overall revenues and
vice versa, although this is not necessarily the case since the price for
styrene can change dramatically from month-to-month. More importantly, changes
in production rates impact the average cost per pound of styrene produced. If
more pounds are produced, our fixed costs are spread over a greater number of
pounds resulting in a lower average cost to produce each pound. In addition, our
styrene production rates influence the overall efficiency of our styrene
manufacturing unit and the yields we receive from our raw materials.
Over the last five years, China has
been the driver for growth in styrene demand, representing approximately 75% of
the world’s styrene demand growth in that period. Historically, we have
positioned ourselves to take advantage of peaks in the Asian styrene markets,
with a large portion of our styrene capacity not being committed under long-term
arrangements. However, over the last two years, relatively high benzene and
domestic natural gas prices have significantly limited our ability to sell
styrene into the Asian markets, and high styrene prices have reduced styrene
global demand growth rates. In addition, several of our competitors have
announced their intention to build new styrene production units outside the
United States, further complicating our ability to sell styrene into the Asian
markets. In 2006, our competitors added 2.6 billion pounds of new styrene
capacity in Asia. The majority of the remaining announced construction projects
are scheduled to start up between 2007 and 2009, although it is not uncommon for
announced construction to be delayed. For example, Shell Oil Company and Saudi
Basic Industries Corporation recently announced their decision to suspend the
development of a 600,000 metric ton per year styrene project in Al Jubail, Saudi
Arabia, which was scheduled to come on-stream in 2007, due to rising
construction expenses and the high cost of benzene feedstock. In addition, much
of this new capacity is being constructed in politically unstable regions of the
world, such as the Middle East, which may impact the timing of the start-up of
this new capacity. If and when these new units are completed, we would
anticipate more difficult market conditions, especially in the export markets,
until the additional supply is absorbed by growth in styrene demand or
significant capacity rationalization occurs.
Given the market conditions in Asia and
the high domestic raw materials and energy costs we have been experiencing, most
of our styrene sales over the last two years have been to customers in the
United States, Mexico, Canada and South America. We expect most of our styrene
sales over the next three to five years to also be in these geographic regions.
Consequently, we are focusing our efforts on increasing market share in these
areas, while continuing to make occasional styrene sales in Asia on an
opportunistic basis. We may not, however, be successful in increasing our market
share in these geographic regions during this period and we cannot guarantee
when, or if, export market conditions to Asia will improve for North American
styrene producers. We may also explore mergers, acquisitions, and joint ventures
with other North American styrene producers that could improve the domestic
balance of supply and demand for styrene and provide us with improved cash
flows.
30
CMAI currently is not projecting any
additional capacity increases in North America through 2010, with projected
operating rates reaching a trough of 75% in 2007, and less than 80% operating
rates through 2010, without any major industry restructuring. Although we
believe an improved North American industry outlook is possible, this largely
depends on a significant industry restructuring. Styrene and polystyrene
industry participants, including The DOW Chemical Company and NOVA Chemicals
Corporation have recently announced a desire to seek transactions which would
restructure the North American styrene and polystyrene industries, thereby
improving the balance of supply and demand in North America. Separately, new
technology for the manufacture of propylene oxide has been developed that should
result in lower manufacturing costs for propylene oxide and which does not
produce styrene as a co-product, which could significantly reduce the future
growth of plants utilizing PO-SM technology.
Our styrene facilities consist of two
reaction trains, a north train and a south train. On September 22, 2005,
during a shut down of our plant in anticipation of Hurricane Rita, the
superheater in the south train of our styrene facility was significantly damaged
by a fire, forcing a closure of the south train until repairs could be
completed. In addition, the north train reactor of our styrene facility
sustained internal damage as a result of this incident and, although still
capable of producing product, the reactor damage caused significant raw material
yield and energy inefficiencies. On January 12, 2006, we shut down the
north train of our styrene facilities to make repairs to the reactor and replace
the existing catalyst. In February 2006, both the north and south trains
were re-started. During these shutdowns, we fully met our supply obligations to
our contract styrene customers through the operation of the north train of our
styrene facilities, supplemented by open market purchases of styrene. The total
cost for these repairs was approximately $11 million. We also filed a claim
for approximately $12 million under our business interruption insurance
policies. During the second quarter of 2006, we received an advance payment from
our insurance companies of $3 million. In August 2006, we settled the
claim with our insurance carriers for a total of $15 million, including the
$3 million advance payment.
During the fourth quarter of 2006, we
performed an asset impairment analysis on our styrene production unit. This
analysis was performed due to recent industry forecasts, forecasted negative
cash flow generated by our styrene business over the next few years and the
uncertainty surrounding the ability of the North American styrene industry to
successfully restructure. Our management determined that a triggering event, as
defined in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, “Accounting for
the Impairment or Disposal of Long Lived Assets” (“SFAS No. 144”), had
occurred and an asset impairment analysis was performed. We analyzed the
undiscounted cash flow stream from our styrene business over the next seven
years, which represents the remaining book life of our styrene assets, and
compared it to the $128 million net book carrying value of our styrene unit
and related assets. This analysis showed that the undiscounted projected cash
flow stream from our styrene business was less than the net book carrying value
of our styrene unit and related assets. As a result, we performed a discounted
cash flow analysis and subsequently concluded that our styrene unit and related
assets were impaired. While we are still operating our styrene unit, our
analysis led us to conclude that our styrene assets should be written down to
zero. This write-down caused us to record a $128 million impairment in
December 2006.
Plasticizers. Historically, we
have produced ethylene-based linear plasticizers, which typically receive a
premium over competing branched propylene-based products for customers that
require enhanced performance properties. However, the markets for competing
plasticizers can be affected by the cost of the underlying raw materials,
especially when the cost of one olefin rises faster than the other, or by the
introduction of new products. One of the raw materials for linear plasticizers
is a product known as linear alpha-olefins. Over the last few years, the price
of linear alpha-olefins has increased sharply as supply has declined, which has
caused many consumers to switch to lower cost branched propylene-based products
and C4-based products, despite the loss of some performance properties.
Ultimately, we expect branched plasticizers to replace linear plasticizers for
most applications over the long-term. As a result, we modified our plasticizers
facilities during the third quarter of 2006 to produce lower cost branched
plasticizers products.
In 2005, BP Chemicals announced the
permanent closure of its linear alpha-olefins production facility in Pasadena,
Texas, the primary source of supply of this feedstock to the oxo-alcohols
production unit at our plasticizers facility. After pursuing various alternative
uses for our oxo-alcohols unit, we were unable to secure an alternative use for
this facility. As a result, we permanently shut down our oxo-alcohols production
unit on July 31, 2006. Due to the closure of our oxo-alcohols unit and our
conversion to the production of branched plasticizers, the phthalate esters
production unit at our plasticizers facility now uses oxo-alcohols supplied by
BASF that have a different chemical composition.
Discontinued
Operations
On September 16, 2005, we
announced that we were exiting the acrylonitrile business and related derivative
operations. Our decision was based on a history of operating losses incurred by
our acrylonitrile and derivatives
31
businesses, and was
made after a full review and analysis of our strategic alternatives. Our
acrylonitrile and derivatives businesses had sustained losses in recent years
and had been shut down since February of 2005.
In accordance with SFAS No. 144,
we have reported the operating results of these businesses as discontinued
operations in our consolidated statement of operations and cash flows, and we
have presented the assets and liabilities of these businesses separately in our
consolidated balance sheet.
Results of
Operations
The following table sets forth
revenues, gross profit (loss) and net loss from continuing operations for
2006, 2005 and 2004:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Year ended December 31, |
| |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands) |
|
Revenues |
|
$ |
667,544 |
|
|
$ |
641,886 |
|
|
$ |
655,353 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
(loss) |
|
|
12,826 |
|
|
|
(11,248 |
) |
|
|
22,344 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from continuing
operations |
|
|
(104,662 |
) |
|
|
(18,508 |
) |
|
|
(39,881 |
) |
Comparison of
2006 to 2005
Revenues
and Loss from continuing operations
Our revenues were $668 million in
2006, an increase of 4% over the $642 million in revenues we recorded in
2005. This increase in revenues resulted primarily from an increase in acetic
acid and styrene sales prices. We recorded a net loss from continuing operations
of $105 million in 2006, compared to the net loss of $19 million we
recorded in 2005. This increase in net loss was primarily due to the
$128 million impairment charge to our styrene assets that we recorded in
2006.
Revenues from acetic acid and
plasticizers were $143 million in 2006, a 12% increase over the
$128 million in revenues we recorded in 2005. This increase in revenues was
due to a 14% increase in acetic acid revenues and a 6% increase in plasticizers
revenues, primarily due to increases in sales prices. We achieved both monthly
and annual production records in our acetic acid business during 2006.
Revenues from our styrene operations
were $525 million in 2006, an increase of 2% over the $514 million in
revenues we recorded in 2005. Direct sales prices for styrene increased 10% from
those realized during 2005. Spot prices for styrene, a component of our direct
sales prices, ranged from $0.45 to $0.60 per pound during 2006, compared to
$0.44 to $0.62 per pound during 2005. Our total sales volumes for styrene in
2006 were 7% lower than in 2005. During 2006, prices for benzene, one of the
primary raw materials required for styrene production, increased 10% over the
prices we paid for benzene in 2005, and prices for ethylene, the other primary
raw material required for styrene production, increased 2% over the prices we
paid for ethylene in 2005. Average costs for natural gas, another major
component in the cost of manufacturing styrene, decreased 13% during 2006
compared to average natural gas costs during 2005. Margins on our styrene sales
in 2006 increased from those realized in 2005, primarily due to slightly
improved market conditions. As noted previously, we recorded an impairment of
$128 million in 2006 related to our styrene production unit.
Selling, general
& administrative expenses
Our selling, general and administrative
expenses were $10 million in 2006 compared to $8 million in 2005. This
increase in 2006 was primarily due to the approximately $1 million in
expenditures we incurred in professional fees to explore potential new business
opportunities, and the $1 million we expensed for bad debts in 2006
compared to the $2 million credit for bad debts we recorded in 2005. This
increase in the allowance for doubtful accounts balance as of December 31,
2006 resulted primarily from the cumulative sum of disputed invoices related to
our disagreement with BP Chemicals described in Item 3, Part I of this
Form 10-K.
32
Other expense
(income)
We recorded other income of
$16 million in 2006, which primarily consisted of the recognition of final
settlement of our claims under our property damage and business interruption
insurance policies related to the September 2005 fire that occurred in our
styrene unit.
Provision
(benefit) for income taxes
During 2006, our effective tax rate was
12% compared to 37% in 2005. This change in the effective rate was the result of
a $28 million increase in the valuation allowance related to certain
deferred tax assets during 2006. The styrene impairment discussed above resulted
in the reversal of $45 million in deferred tax liabilities. As of
December 31, 2006, we had an available U.S. federal income tax net
operating loss carryforward (“NOL”) of approximately $85 million
(representing a deferred tax asset of $30 million), which expires during
the years 2023 through 2026. Deferred tax assets are regularly assessed for
recoverability based on both historical and anticipated earnings levels, and a
valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that these
amounts will not be recovered. As a result of our analysis, we have concluded
that an additional valuation allowance is needed against our deferred tax assets
in the amount of $28 million, which brings our total valuation allowance to
$30 million and results in an overall net deferred tax asset balance of
$4 million. We have also recorded a $4 million liability relating to
certain tax contingencies that we have identified.
Loss from
discontinued operations, net of tax
We recorded a net loss from
discontinued operations of $1 million in 2006 compared to a loss of
$11 million in 2005. The $1 million loss in 2006 represents closure
costs related to our acrylonitrile business, partially offset by asset sales
related to that business. We expect to incur approximately $1 million of
costs during the first half of 2007 to complete the dismantling of this
facility. The loss of $11 million in 2005 included costs of $9 million
related to our exit from the acrylonitrile and related derivatives businesses.
Comparison of
2005 to 2004
Revenues
and Loss from continuing operations
Our revenues were $642 million in
2005, a decrease of 2% from the $655 million in revenues we recorded in
2004. This decrease in revenues resulted primarily from a reduction in styrene
revenues due to a change in customer mix and lost volumes of styrene following
the fire that occurred in our styrene unit in September 2005. As a result
of this curtailed ability to produce styrene, we sold a larger percentage of our
overall styrene sales under conversion arrangements during 2005. We recorded a
net loss from continuing operations of $19 million for 2005, compared to a
net loss of $40 million recorded in 2004. This difference between these two
years was significantly influenced by the $48 million impairment to
goodwill we recorded in 2004 and a reduction in gross profit in 2005 due to the
impact of Hurricane Rita and the fire in our styrene unit.
Revenues from acetic acid and
plasticizers were $128 million in 2005, a slight increase from the
$126 million in revenues we recorded in 2004. This slight increase in
revenues resulted from a 7% increase in acetic acid revenues offset by a 6%
decrease in plasticizers revenues. We achieved record monthly production rates
in our acetic acid business during 2005.
Revenues from our styrene operations
were $514 million in 2005, a decrease of 3% from the $530 million in
revenues we recorded in 2004. Direct sales prices for styrene increased 6% from
those realized during 2004. Spot prices for styrene, a component of our direct
sales prices, ranged from $0.44 to $0.62 per pound during 2005, compared to
$0.37 to $0.63 per pound during 2004. Our total sales volumes for styrene in
2005 were 1% lower than in 2004. During 2005, prices for benzene, one of the
primary raw materials required for styrene production, increased 2% over the
prices we paid for benzene in 2004, and prices for ethylene, the other primary
raw material required for styrene production, were 35% higher than the prices we
paid for ethylene in 2004. Average costs for natural gas, another major
component in the cost of manufacturing styrene, increased 23% during 2005
compared to average natural gas costs during 2004. Margins on our styrene sales
in 2005 decreased from those realized in 2004, primarily as a result of higher
raw materials costs and the impact of Hurricane Rita and the fire in our styrene
unit.
33
Selling, general
& administrative expenses
Our selling, general and administrative
expenses were $8 million in 2005 compared to $11 million in 2004. This
reduction was primarily due to a $2 million reduction in our allowance for
doubtful accounts resulting from a decrease in total accounts receivable, as
well as a decrease in balances with customers having greater credit risk.
Organizational
efficiency project
During the last half of 2004, we
developed an organizational efficiency project involving the design, development
and implementation of uniform and standardized systems, processes and policies
to improve our production, maintenance and process efficiencies, and our
logistics materials management and procurement functions. During 2005, we
reduced our fixed costs by more than $20 million per year, representing a 15%
reduction in our annual fixed costs. Approximately 10% to 15% of these cost
savings accrue to the benefit of some of our customers under the cost
reimbursement provisions of our production agreements.
Provision
(benefit) for income taxes
During 2005, our effective tax rate was
37% compared to 16% in 2004. This difference in the effective rate was a result
of the $48.5 million impairment of goodwill recorded during 2004, which was
a non-tax deductible charge.
Loss from
discontinued operations, net of tax
We recorded a net loss from
discontinued operations of $11 million in 2005 compared to a loss of
$23 million in 2004. The loss of $11 million in 2005 included costs of
$9 million related to our exit from the acrylonitrile and related
derivatives businesses. These costs included accruals for contractual
obligations due in 2006 and asset impairments. The loss of $23 million in
2004 included a pre-tax impairment charge of our long-lived acrylonitrile assets
of $22 million.
Liquidity and
Capital Resources
On December 19, 2002, we issued
$94.3 million in original principal amount of our Secured Notes. Our
Secured Notes are senior secured obligations and rank equally in right of
payment with all of our other existing and future senior indebtedness, and
senior in right of payment to all of our existing and future subordinated
indebtedness. Our Secured Notes are guaranteed by Sterling Chemicals Energy,
Inc. (“Sterling Energy”), our only wholly owned subsidiary. Sterling Energy’s
guaranty ranks equally in right of payment with all of its existing and future
senior indebtedness, and senior in right of payment to all of its existing and
future subordinated indebtedness. Our Secured Notes and Sterling Energy’s
guaranty are secured by a first priority lien on all of our production
facilities and related assets.
Our Secured Notes bear interest at an
annual rate of 10%, payable semi-annually on June 15 and December 15
of each year. Until December 19, 2004, we were permitted under certain
circumstances to pay interest on our Secured Notes through the issuance of
additional Secured Notes rather than the payment of cash at an interest rate of
13 3/8% per annum. In December 2003, we made an interest payment on our
Secured Notes at the higher rate through the issuance of $6.3 million in
original principal amount of additional Secured Notes, increasing the aggregate
principal amount of outstanding Secured Notes to $100.6 million. We have
made all other interest payments on our Secured Notes in cash. We may redeem our
Secured Notes at any time at a redemption price of 100% of the outstanding
principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest, subject to compliance
with the terms of our revolving credit facility. In addition, in the event of a
specified change of control or the sale of our facility in Texas City, Texas, we
are required to offer to repurchase our Secured Notes at 101% of the outstanding
principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest. Under certain
circumstances, we are also required to use the proceeds of other asset sales to
repurchase those Secured Notes tendered by the holders at a price equal to 100%
of the outstanding principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest.
The indenture governing our Secured
Notes contains numerous covenants and conditions, including, but not limited to,
restrictions on our ability to incur indebtedness, create liens, sell assets,
make investments, make capital expenditures, engage in mergers and acquisitions
and pay dividends. The indenture also includes various circumstances and
conditions that would, upon their occurrence and subject in certain cases to
notice and grace periods, create an event of default thereunder. However, the
indenture does not require us to satisfy any financial ratios or maintenance
tests.
On March 1, 2007, we commenced an
offer to repurchase all of our outstanding Secured Notes (our “tender offer”).
34
Concurrently with our
tender offer, we solicited consents from the holders of our Secured Notes to,
among other things, eliminate certain covenants contained in the indenture
governing our Secured Notes. The consent solicitation expired at 5:00 p.m.,
New York Time, on March 14, 2007, at which time we received consents from
the requisite principal amount of Secured Notes to amend our indenture. The
supplemental indenture we entered into to effect these amendments will only be
effective if and when we consummate our tender offer for the Secured Notes.
Our tender offer is scheduled to expire
at 12:00 midnight, New York City time, on March 28, 2007, unless extended
or earlier terminated. The total consideration payable in connection with our
tender offer and the consent solicitation for each $1,000 principal amount of
our existing notes will be $1,002.50, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but
not including, the date of payment.
We expect to refinance our Secured
Notes with an offering of up to $125 million of new senior secured notes
(“New Notes”). In connection with our proposed offering of New Notes, we have
also received a firm commitment letter from a national investment banking firm
with respect to an alternate long-term debt financing. In the event our offering
of the New Notes is not consummated, we intend to issue $111 million in
debt financing pursuant to this commitment letter in order to refinance our
Secured Notes.
We will use the net proceeds of the New
Notes (or the debt financing effected pursuant to the commitment referenced
above) to fund amounts payable in connection with the tender offer, the consent
solicitation and to redeem any remaining Secured Notes not repurchased pursuant
thereto.
On December 19, 2002, we also
established our revolving credit facility, which provides up to
$100 million in revolving credit loans, subject to borrowing base
limitations. Our revolving credit facility has an initial term ending on
September 19, 2007. Under our revolving credit facility, we and Sterling
Energy are co-borrowers and are jointly and severally liable for any
indebtedness thereunder. Our revolving credit facility is secured by first
priority liens on all of our accounts receivable, inventory and other specified
assets, as well as all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Sterling
Energy.
Borrowings under our revolving credit
facility bear interest, at our option, at an annual rate of either the Alternate
Base Rate plus 0.75% or the “LIBO Rate” (as defined in our revolving credit
facility) plus 2.75%. The “Alternate Base Rate” is equal to the greater of the
“Base Rate” as announced from time to time by JPMorgan Chase Bank in New York,
New York, or 0.50% per annum above the latest “Federal Funds Rate” (as defined
in our revolving credit facility). The average interest rate for borrowings
under our revolving credit facility for the year ended December 31, 2006
was 8.94%. Under our revolving credit facility, we are also required to pay an
aggregate commitment fee of 0.50% per year (payable monthly) on any unused
portion. Available credit is subject to a monthly borrowing base of 85% of
eligible accounts receivable plus the lesser of $50 million and 65% of eligible
inventory. In addition, the borrowing base for our revolving credit facility
must exceed outstanding borrowings thereunder by $8 million at all times.
As of December 31, 2006, total credit available under our revolving credit
facility was limited to $72 million due to these borrowing base
limitations. As of December 31, 2006, there were no loans outstanding under
our revolving credit facility, and we had $3 million in letters of credit
outstanding.
Our revolving credit facility contains
numerous covenants and conditions, including, but not limited to, restrictions
on our ability to incur indebtedness, create liens, sell assets, make
investments, make capital expenditures, engage in mergers and acquisitions and
pay dividends. Our revolving credit facility also contains a covenant that
requires us to earn a specified amount of earnings before interest, income
taxes, depreciation and amortization (as defined in our revolving credit
facility) on a monthly basis if, for 15 consecutive days, unused availability
under our revolving credit facility plus cash on hand is less than
$20 million. Our revolving credit facility includes various circumstances
and conditions that would, upon their occurrence and subject in certain cases to
notice and grace periods, create an event of default thereunder. In addition,
our revolving credit facility includes both a subjective acceleration clause and
a lock-box arrangement. Based on this, any balances outstanding under our
revolving credit facility are classified as a current portion of long-term debt.
We are currently negotiating to amend our revolving credit facility to extend
the term for five years and to make certain other changes to the borrowing base
calculation and interest rates. We expect this amendment to be effective by
March 31, 2007.
Our liquidity (i.e., cash and cash
equivalents plus total credit available under our revolving credit facility) was
$90 million as of December 31, 2006, an increase of $4 million
compared to our liquidity as of December 31, 2005. The stated term of our
revolving credit facility ends on September 19, 2007 and our Secured Notes
become due on December 19, 2007. As mentioned above, we have started the
process of refinancing the indebtedness under our Secured Notes and amending our
revolving credit facility prior to their stated maturities. Subject to the
successful refinancing of our Secured Notes and amendment of our revolving
credit facility, we believe that our cash on hand,
35
together with the
credit available under our amended revolving credit facility, is sufficient to
meet our short-term and long-term liquidity needs, although our liquidity may
not be adequate during any particular period.
Working
Capital
Our working capital, excluding assets
and liabilities from discontinued operations, was $90 million as of
December 31, 2006, an increase of $12 million from December 31,
2005. This increase in working capital resulted primarily from an increase in
accounts receivable and inventories.
Cash
Flow
Net cash used in our operations was
$14 million in 2006, compared to net cash provided by our operations of
$68 million in 2005. This reduction in net cash flow in 2006 was primarily
driven by an increase in accounts receivable and inventories.
Net cash flow used in our investing
activities was $7 million in 2006 and $10 million in 2005. Cash flows
from investing activities in 2006 included insurance proceeds of $2 million
and proceeds from the sale of fixed assets of $3 million.
There were no net repayments under our
revolving credit facility during 2006 compared to $18 million of net repayments
in 2005.
Capital
Expenditures
Our capital expenditures were
$12 million in 2006, $9 million in 2005 and $15 million in 2004.
Capital expenditures are expected to be approximately $15 million in 2007.
These capital expenditures will primarily be for routine safety, environmental
and replacement capital.
Our capital expenditures for
environmentally related prevention, containment and process improvements were
$2 million in both 2006 and 2005 and we anticipate spending approximately
$2 million on these types of expenditures during 2007.
Contractual Cash
Obligations
The following table summarizes our
significant contractual obligations at December 31, 2006, and the effect
such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future
periods:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Less than 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More than |
|
|
| |
|
year(1) |
|
1-3 years |
|
4-5 years |
|
5 years |
|
Total |
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands) |
|
Secured Notes |
|
$ |
100,579 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
100,579 |
|
|
Interest payments on
debt |
|
|
10,170 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
10,170 |
|
|
Operating
leases |
|
|
293 |
|
|
|
879 |
|
|
|
586 |
|
|
|
220 |
|
|
|
1,978 |
|
|
Purchase obligations
(2) |
|
|
72,000 |
|
|
|
117,000 |
|
|
|
65,000 |
|
|
|
120,000 |
|
|
|
374,000 |
|
|
Pension and other
postretirement benefits |
|
|
9,675 |
|
|
|
16,717 |
|
|
|
7,230 |
|
|
|
31,113 |
|
|
|
64,735 |
|
|
Contractual obligations
of discontinued operations |
|
|
217 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
217 |
|
| |
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
192,934 |
|
|
$ |
134,596 |
|
|
$ |
72,816 |
|
|
$ |
151,333 |
|
|
$ |
551,679 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
| (1) |
|
Payment obligations under our revolving credit facility are not
presented because there were no outstanding borrowings as of
December 31, 2006, and interest payments fluctuate depending on the
interest rate and outstanding balance under our revolving credit facility
at any point in time. As discussed above, we have started the process of
refinancing the indebtedness under our Secured Notes and our revolving
credit facility prior to their stated maturities. |
| |
| (2) |
|
For the purposes of this table, we have considered contractual
obligations for the purchase of goods or services as agreements involving
more than $1 million that are enforceable and legally binding and
that specify all significant terms, including: fixed or minimum quantities
to be purchased, fixed, minimum or variable price provisions and
the |
36
|
|
|
| |
|
approximate timing of the transaction. Most of the purchase
obligations identified include variable pricing provisions. We have
estimated the future prices of these items, utilizing forward curves where
available. The pricing estimated for use in this table is subject to
market risk. |
Critical Accounting
Policies, Use of Estimates and Assumptions
A summary of our significant accounting
policies is included in Note 1 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements” included in Item 8, Part II of this Form 10-K. We believe
that the consistent application of these policies enables us to provide readers
of our financial statements with useful and reliable information about our
operating results and financial condition. The following accounting policies are
the ones we believe are the most important to the portrayal of our financial
condition and results and require our most difficult, subjective or complex
judgments.
Revenue
Recognition
We generally recognize revenue from
sales in the open market, raw materials conversion agreements and long-term
supply contracts at the time the products are shipped and title passes. One of
our contractual arrangements includes a profit sharing component, and we
estimate and accrue our expected revenues from this profit sharing arrangement
on a monthly basis. Shipping and handling costs associated with the delivery of
our products to customers are included in cost of goods sold.
Inventories
Inventories are carried at the
lower-of-cost-or-market value. Cost is primarily determined on a first-in,
first-out basis, except for stores and supplies, which are valued at average
cost. The comparison of cost to market value involves estimation of the market
value of our products. For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and
2004, this comparison led to a lower-of-cost-or-market adjustment of zero,
$3 million and $16 million, respectively. We enter into agreements
with other companies to exchange chemical inventories in order to minimize
working capital requirements and to facilitate distribution logistics. Balances
related to quantities due to or payable by us in connection with these exchange
agreements are included in inventory.
Long-Lived
Assets
We assess our long-lived assets for
impairment whenever facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying amount
may not be fully recoverable. To analyze recoverability, we project undiscounted
net future cash flows over the remaining book life of these assets. If these
projected cash flows from these assets are less than the carrying amount of
these assets, an impairment would be recognized. Any impairment loss would be
measured based upon the difference between the carrying amount and the fair
value of the relevant assets. For these impairment analyses, recoverability is
determined by comparing the estimated fair value of these assets, utilizing the
present value of expected net cash flows, to the carrying value of these assets.
In determining the present value of expected net cash flows, we estimate future
net cash flows from these assets and the timing of those cash flows and then
apply a discount rate to reflect the time value of money and the inherent
uncertainty of those future cash flows. The discount rate we use is based on our
estimated cost of capital. The assumptions we use in estimating future cash
flows are consistent with our internal planning. As mentioned above, during
2006, we recorded an impairment charge of $128 million related to our
long-lived styrene assets.
Income
Taxes
Deferred income taxes are provided for
revenue and expenses which are recognized in different periods for income tax
and financial statement purposes. Deferred tax assets are regularly assessed for
recoverability based on both historical and anticipated earnings levels, and a
valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that these
amounts will not be recovered. As of December 31, 2006, we had an available
U.S. federal income tax net NOL of approximately $85 million (representing
a deferred tax asset of $30 million), which expires during the years 2023
through 2026. As a result of our analysis, we have concluded that an additional
valuation allowance is needed against our deferred tax assets in the amount of
$28 million, which brings our total valuation allowance to $30 million
and results in an overall net deferred tax asset balance of $4 million. We
have also recorded a $4 million liability relating to certain tax
contingencies that we have identified.
37
Employee Benefit
Plans
We sponsor domestic defined benefit
pension and other postretirement plans. Major assumptions used in the accounting
for these employee benefit plans include the discount rate, expected return on
plan assets and health care cost increase projections. Assumptions are
determined based on our historical data and appropriate market indicators, and
are evaluated each year as of the plans’ measurement dates. A change in any of
these assumptions would have an effect on net periodic pension and
postretirement benefit costs reported in our financial statements. As mentioned
below, in accordance with SFAS No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined
Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans” (“SFAS No. 158”), we have
recognized the funded status of our defined benefit postretirement plans on our
balance sheet and have provided the required disclosures as of our fiscal
year-ended December 31, 2006. We have also measured the assets and benefit
obligations of our defined benefit postretirement plans as of the date of our
fiscal year-end statement of financial position. The effect of the adoption of
SFAS 158 was a reduction in our liabilities of $10 million and an increase
in stockholders’ equity, net of tax, of $7 million.
Plant Turnaround
Costs
As a part of normal recurring
operations, each of our manufacturing units is completely shut down from time to
time, for a period typically lasting two to four weeks, to replace catalysts and
perform major maintenance work required to sustain long-term production. These
periods are commonly referred to as “turnarounds” or “shutdowns.” While actual
timing is subject to a number of variables, turnarounds of our styrene unit
typically occur every two to three years. We currently expense the costs of
turnarounds as the associated expenses are incurred. Prior to our adoption of
fresh-start accounting, we had accrued these costs over the expected period
between turnarounds. As expenses for turnarounds can be significant, the impact
of expensing turnaround costs as they are incurred can be material for financial
reporting periods during which the turnarounds actually occur. Turnaround costs
expensed during 2006, 2005 and 2004 were $10 million, $4 million and
$12 million, respectively.
New Accounting
Standards
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB
Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes–an
interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109,” (“FIN 48”) to clarify the
accounting for uncertain tax positions accounted for in accordance with FASB
Statement No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” This interpretation
prescribes a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits and
requires explicit disclosure of any uncertain tax position. FIN 48 is effective
for us on January 1, 2007. We do not expect the adoption of FIN 48 to have
a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
The table below provides information
about our market sensitive financial instruments and constitutes a
“forward-looking statement.”
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair Value |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
| Expected
Maturity Dates |
|
2007 |
|
2008 |
|
2009 |
|
2010 |
|
2011 |
|
Thereafter |
|
Total |
|
2006 |
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands) |
|
Secured Notes |
|
$ |
100,579 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
$ |
100,579 |
|
|
$ |
96,125 |
|
Our Secured Notes bear interest at an
annual rate of 10%, payable semi-annually on June 15 and December 15 of
each year. The fair value of our Secured Notes is based on their quoted price.
38
Item 8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
INDEX TO
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| |
|
|
|
|
|
Sterling Chemicals,
Inc. |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
43 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
65 |
|
39
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Year ended December 31, |
| |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands, Except Share
Data) |
|
Revenues |
|
$ |
667,544 |
|
|
$ |
641,886 |
|
|
$ |
655,353 |
|
|
Cost of goods
sold |
|
|
654,718 |
|
|
|
653,134 |
|
|
|
633,009 |
|
| |
|
|
|
Gross profit
(loss) |
|
|
12,826 |
|
|
|
(11,248 |
) |
|
|
22,344 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general and
administrative expenses |
|
|
9,968 |
|
|
|
7,811 |
|
|
|
11,413 |
|
|
Impairment of
long-lived assets |
|
|
127,653 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
48,463 |
|
|
Gain on pension
curtailment |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(12,944 |
) |
|
Gain on sale of
methanol plant |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(2,396 |
) |
|
Other expense
(income) |
|
|
(15,724 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
Interest and debt
related expenses, net of interest income |
|
|
10,079 |
|
|
|
10,090 |
|
|
|
10,427 |
|
| |
|
|
|
Loss from continuing
operations before income tax |
|
|
(119,150 |
) |
|
|
(29,149 |
) |
|
|
(32,619 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision
(benefit) for income taxes |
|
|
(14,488 |
) |
|
|
(10,641 |
) |
|
|
7,262 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from continuing
operations |
|
|
(104,662 |
) |
|
|
(18,508 |
) |
|
|
(39,881 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from discontinued
operations, net of tax |
|
|
(997 |
) |
|
|
(11,060 |
) |
|
|
(22,763 |
) |
| |
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
|
(105,659 |
) |
|
|
(29,568 |
) |
|
|
(62,644 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock
dividends |
|
|
8,205 |
|
|
|
7,014 |
|
|
|
5,994 |
|
| |
|
|
|
Net loss attributable
to common stockholders |
|
$ |
(113,864 |
) |
|
$ |
(36,582 |
) |
|
$ |
(68,638 |
) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss per share of
common stock, basic and diluted: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss from continuing
operations |
|
$ |
(39.91 |
) |
|
$ |
(9.03 |
) |
|
$ |
(16.24 |
) |
|
Loss from discontinued
operations |
|
|
(0.35 |
) |
|
|
(3.91 |
) |
|
|
(8.06 |
) |
| |
|
|
|
Net loss per share,
basic and diluted |
|
$ |
(40.26 |
) |
|
$ |
(12.94 |
) |
|
$ |
(24.30 |
) |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares
outstanding: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and
diluted |
|
|
2,828,460 |
|
|
|
2,827,795 |
|
|
|
2,825,000 |
|
The accompanying
notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
40
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE
SHEETS
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
December 31, |
|
| |
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands) |
|
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash
equivalents |
|
$ |
20,690 |
|
|
$ |
42,197 |
|
|
Accounts receivable,
net of allowance of $1,987 and $953, respectively |
|
|
63,289 |
|
|
|
57,261 |
|
|
Inventories,
net |
|
|
62,078 |
|
|
|
39,094 |
|
|
Prepaid expenses and
other current assets |
|
|
3,215 |
|
|
|
4,888 |
|
|
Deferred tax
asset |
|
|
3,044 |
|
|
|
2,802 |
|
|
Assets of discontinued
operations |
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
1,791 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current
assets |
|
|
152,336 |
|
|
|
148,033 |
|
| |
|
Property, plant and
equipment, net |
|
|
83,833 |
|
|
|
230,018 |
|
|
Other assets,
net |
|
|
9,654 |
|
|
|
8,543 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
245,823 |
|
|
$ |
386,594 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIENCY IN ASSETS) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
payable |
|
$ |
39,123 |
|
|
$ |
43,912 |
|
|
Accrued
liabilities |
|
|
22,872 |
|
|
|
23,690 |
|
|
Current portion of
long-term debt |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
Liabilities of
discontinued operations |
|
|
217 |
|
|
|
3,826 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current
liabilities |
|
|
62,212 |
|
|
|
71,428 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt |
|
|
100,579 |
|
|
|
100,579 |
|
|
Deferred income tax
liability |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
8,196 |
|
|
Deferred credits and
other liabilities |
|
|
49,291 |
|
|
|
77,804 |
|
|
Redeemable preferred
stock |
|
|
56,507 |
|
|
|
48,302 |
|
|
Commitments and
contingencies (Note 9) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders’
equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, $.01 par
value |
|
|
28 |
|
|
|
28 |
|
|
Additional paid-in
capital |
|
|
184,500 |
|
|
|
192,551 |
|
|
Accumulated
deficit |
|
|
(213,614 |
) |
|
|
(107,955 |
) |
|
Accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss) |
|
|
6,320 |
|
|
|
(4,339 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders’
equity (deficiency in assets) |
|
|
(22,766 |
) |
|
|
80,285 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and
stockholders’ equity (deficiency in assets) |
|
$ |
245,823 |
|
|
$ |
386,594 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying
notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
41
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS
OF
CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(DEFICIENCY IN ASSETS)
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Common Stock |
|
|
Paid-In |
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
Comprehensive |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Capital |
|
|
Deficit |
|
|
Income (Loss) |
|
|
Total |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Amounts in Thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance,
December 31, 2003 |
|
|
2,825 |
|
|
$ |
28 |
|
|
$ |
205,402 |
|
|
$ |
(15,743 |
) |
|
$ |
(251 |
) |
|
$ |
189,436 |
|
|
Comprehensive
loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(62,644 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other comprehensive
loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pension
adjustment |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(715 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive
loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(63,359 |
) |
|
Preferred stock
dividends |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(5,994 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(5,994 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance,
December 31, 2004 |
|
|
2,825 |
|
|
$ |
28 |
|
|
$ |
199,408 |
|
|
$ |
(78,387 |
) |
|
$ |
(966 |
) |
|
$ |
120,083 |
|
|
Comprehensive
loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(29,568 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other comprehensive
loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pension
adjustment |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(3,373 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive
loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(32,941 |
) |
|
Preferred stock
dividends |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(7,014 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(7,014 |
) |
|
Exercised stock
options |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
157 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
157 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance,
December 31, 2005 |
|
|
2,828 |
|
|
$ |
28 |
|
|
$ |
192,551 |
|
|
$ |
(107,955 |
) |
|
$ |
(4,339 |
) |
|
$ |
80,285 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive
loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(105,659 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other comprehensive
loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pension
adjustment |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
3,903 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive
loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(101,756 |
) |
|
SFAS 158
adoption |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
6,756 |
|
|
|
6,756 |
|
|
Preferred stock
dividends |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(8,205 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(8,205 |
) |
|
Stock-based
compensation |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
154 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
154 |
|
| |
|
|
|
Balance,
December 31, 2006 |
|
|
2,828 |
|
|
$ |
28 |
|
|
$ |
184,500 |
|
|
$ |
(213,614 |
) |
|
$ |
6,320 |
|
|
$ |
(22,766 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying
notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
42
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Year ended December 31, |
| |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands) |
|
Cash flows from
operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(105,659 |
) |
|
$ |
(29,568 |
) |
|
$ |
(62,644 |
) |
|
Adjustments to
reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating
activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and
amortization |
|
|
30,476 |
|
|
|
33,342 |
|
|
|
28,693 |
|
|
Interest
amortization |
|
|
400 |
|
|
|
400 |
|
|
|
398 |
|
|
Impairment of
long-lived assets |
|
|
127,653 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
70,498 |
|
|
Gain on pension
curtailment |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(12,944 |
) |
|
Lower-of-cost-or-market
adjustment |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
2,738 |
|
|
|
16,407 |
|
|
Deferred tax
benefit |
|
|
(8,438 |
) |
|
|
(18,905 |
) |
|
|
(16,529 |
) |
|
Gain on disposal of
property, plant and equipment |
|
|
(4,917 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(2,396 |
) |
|
Other |
|
|
154 |
|
|
|
156 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
Change in
assets/liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
receivable |
|
|
(5,085 |
) |
|
|
54,850 |
|
|
|
(25,509 |
) |
|
Inventories |
|
|
(22,608 |
) |
|
|
45,772 |
|
|
|
(42,804 |
) |
|
Prepaid
expenses |
|
|
1,673 |
|
|
|
(690 |
) |
|
|
2,232 |
|
|
Other assets |
|
|
(2,105 |
) |
|
|
(1,003 |
) |
|
|
(3,650 |
) |
|
Accounts
payable |
|
|
(4,140 |
) |
|
|
(23,348 |
) |
|
|
2,427 |
|
|
Accrued
liabilities |
|
|
(3,758 |
) |
|
|
4,396 |
|
|
|
(1,879 |
) |
|
Other
liabilities |
|
|
(17,854 |
) |
|
|
(33 |
) |
|
|
286 |
|
| |
|
|
|
Net cash provided by
(used in) operating activities |
|
|
(14,208 |
) |
|
|
68,107 |
|
|
|
(47,413 |
) |
| |
|
|
|
Cash flows from
investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital
expenditures |
|
|
(11,547 |
) |
|
|
(9,460 |
) |
|
|
(14,771 |
) |
|
Insurance proceeds
relating to property, plant and equipment |
|
|
1,960 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
Cash used for
dismantling |
|
|
(669 |
) |
|
|
(667 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
Net proceeds from the
sale of fixed assets assets |
|
|
2,957 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
4,017 |
|
| |
|
|
|
Net cash used in
investing activities |
|
|
(7,299 |
) |
|
|
(10,127 |
) |
|
|
(10,754 |
) |
| |
|
|
|
Net cash provided by
(used in) financing activities – net borrowings (repayments) under the
revolving credit facility |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(17,684 |
) |
|
|
17,684 |
|
| |
|
|
|
Net increase
(decrease) in cash |
|
|
(21,507 |
) |
|
|
40,296 |
|
|
|
(40,483 |
) |
|
Cash and cash
equivalents beginning of period |
|
|
42,197 |
|
|
|
1,901 |
|
|
|
42,384 |
|
| |
|
|
|
Cash and cash
equivalents end of year |
|
$ |
20,690 |
|
|
$ |
42,197 |
|
|
$ |
1,901 |
|
| |
|
|
|
Supplement disclosures
of cash flow information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest paid, net of
interest income received |
|
$ |
10,508 |
|
|
$ |
10,726 |
|
|
$ |
10,957 |
|
|
Cash paid for income
taxes |
|
|
60 |
|
|
|
59 |
|
|
|
50 |
|
The accompanying
notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
43
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. BASIS OF
PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Unless otherwise indicated, references
to “we,” “us,” “our” and “ours” refer collectively to Sterling Chemicals, Inc.
and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. We own or operate facilities at our
petrochemicals complex located in Texas City, Texas, approximately 45 miles
south of Houston, on a 290-acre site on Galveston Bay near many other chemical
manufacturing complexes and refineries. Currently, we produce acetic acid,
styrene and plasticizers. We own all of the real property which comprises our
Texas City facility and we own the acetic acid, styrene and plasticizers
manufacturing units located at the site. Our Texas City site offers
approximately 135 acres for future expansion by us or by other companies that
could benefit from our existing infrastructure and facilities, and includes a
greenbelt around the northern edge of the plant site. We also lease a portion of
our Texas City site to Praxair Hydrogen Supply, Inc. (“Praxair”), who
constructed a partial oxidation unit on that land, and lease a portion of our
Texas City site to S&L Cogeneration Company, a 50/50 joint venture between
us and Praxair Energy Resources, Inc., who constructed a cogeneration facility
on that land. We generally sell our petrochemicals products to customers for use
in the manufacture of other chemicals and products, which in turn are used in
the production of a wide array of consumer goods and industrial products. We
operate in one segment, petrochemicals.
Principles of
Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements
include the accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiary, with all significant
intercompany accounts and transactions having been eliminated. Our 50% equity
investment in a cogeneration joint venture is not material to our financial
position or results of operations.
Cash and Cash
Equivalents
We consider all investments having an
initial maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Allowance for
Doubtful Accounts
Accounts receivable is presented net of
allowance for doubtful accounts. We regularly review our accounts receivable
balances and, based on estimated collectibility, adjust the allowance account
accordingly. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, the allowance for doubtful
accounts was $2 million and $1 million, respectively. Bad debt expense
(benefit) for 2006, 2005 and 2004, was $1 million, ($2 million) and
$0.4 million, respectively.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the
lower-of-cost-or-market. For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and
2004, a lower-of-cost-or-market adjustment was recorded of zero, $3 million
and $16 million, respectively. Cost is primarily determined on a first-in,
first-out basis, except for stores and supplies, which are valued at average
cost. We enter into agreements with other companies to exchange chemical
inventories in order to minimize working capital requirements and to facilitate
distribution logistics. Balances related to quantities due to or payable by us
are included in inventory.
Property, Plant
and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment are
recorded at cost. Major renewals and improvements, which extend the useful lives
of equipment, are capitalized. Disposals are removed at carrying cost less
accumulated depreciation with any resulting gain or loss reflected in
operations. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over
estimated useful lives ranging from five to 25 years, with the predominant
life of plant and equipment being 15 years. We capitalize interest costs,
which are incurred as part of the cost of constructing major facilities and
equipment. The amount of interest capitalized for 2006, 2005 and 2004 was
$0.8 million, $1.0 million and $0.9 million, respectively.
Plant Turnaround
Costs
As a part of normal recurring
operations, each of our manufacturing units is completely shut down from time to
time, for a period typically lasting two to four weeks, to replace catalysts and
perform major maintenance work required to sustain long-term production. These
periods are commonly referred to as “turnarounds” or “shutdowns.” While
44
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
actual timing is
subject to a number of variables, turnarounds of our styrene unit typically
occur every two to three years. Costs of turnarounds are expensed as incurred.
As expenses for turnarounds can be significant, the impact of expensing the
costs of turnarounds can be material for financial reporting periods during
which the turnarounds actually occur. Turnaround costs expensed during 2006,
2005 and 2004 were $10 million, $4 million and $12 million,
respectively.
Long-Lived
Assets
We assess our long-lived assets for
impairment whenever facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying amount
may not be fully recoverable. To analyze recoverability, we project undiscounted
net future cash flows over the remaining book life of these assets. If these
projected cash flows from these assets are less than the carrying amount of
these assets, an impairment would be recognized. Any impairment loss would be
measured based upon the difference between the carrying amount and the fair
value of the relevant assets. For these impairment analyses, recoverability is
determined by comparing the estimated fair value of these assets, utilizing the
present value of expected net cash flows, to the carrying value of these assets.
In determining the present value of expected net cash flows, we estimate future
net cash flows from these assets and the timing of those cash flows and then
apply a discount rate to reflect the time value of money and the inherent
uncertainty of those future cash flows. The discount rate we use is based on our
estimated cost of capital. The assumptions we use in estimating future cash
flows are consistent with our internal planning. During 2006, we recorded a
pre-tax impairment charge of approximately $128 million relating to our
long-lived styrene assets.
Debt Issue
Costs
Debt issue costs relating to long-term
debt are amortized over the term of the related debt instrument using the
straight-line method, which is materially consistent with the effective interest
method, and are included in other assets. Debt issue cost amortization, which is
included in interest and debt-related expenses, was $0.4 million for each
of the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004.
Income
Taxes
Deferred income taxes are provided for
revenues and expenses which are recognized in different periods for income tax
and financial statement purposes. Deferred tax assets are regularly assessed for
recoverability based on both historical and anticipated earnings levels, and a
valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that these
amounts will not be recovered.
Environmental
Costs
Environmental costs are expensed as
incurred, unless the expenditures extend the economic useful life of the related
assets. Costs that extend the economic life of assets are capitalized and
depreciated over the remaining book life of those assets. Liabilities are
recorded when environmental assessments or remedial efforts are probable and the
cost can be reasonably estimated.
Revenue
Recognition
We generate revenues through sales in
the open market, raw materials conversion agreements and long-term supply
contracts. In addition, we have entered into profit sharing arrangements with
respect to some of our petrochemicals products. We recognize revenue from sales
in the open market, raw materials conversion agreements and long-term supply
contracts when the products are shipped and title passes. Revenues from profit
sharing arrangements are estimated and accrued monthly. Deferred credits are
amortized over the life of the contracts which gave rise to them.
Earnings (Loss)
Per Share
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is
computed using the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the
year. Diluted EPS includes common stock equivalents, which are dilutive to
earnings per share. For the years ending December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004,
we had no dilutive securities outstanding due to all common stock equivalents
having an anti-dilutive effect during these periods.
45
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
Disclosures
about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
In preparing disclosures about the fair
value of financial instruments, we have assumed that the carrying amount
approximates fair value for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable,
accounts payable and certain accrued liabilities due to the short maturities of
these instruments. The fair values of long-term debt instruments are estimated
based upon quoted market values (if applicable) or on the current interest rates
available to us for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities.
Accounting
Estimates
The preparation of financial statements
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the
reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets
and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts
of revenues and expenses during the reported periods. Significant estimates
include impairment considerations, allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory
valuation, revenue recognition related to profit sharing accruals, environmental
and litigation reserves and provision for income taxes.
2. STOCK-BASED
COMPENSATION PLAN
On December 19, 2002, we adopted
our 2002 Stock Plan and reserved 379,747 shares of our common stock for issuance
under the plan (subject to adjustment). Under our 2002 Stock Plan, officers and
key employees, as designated by our Board of Directors, may be issued stock
options, stock awards, stock appreciation rights or stock units. There are
currently options to purchase a total of 278,500 shares of our common stock
outstanding under our 2002 Stock Plan, all at an exercise price of $31.60, and
an additional 85,414 shares of common stock available for issuance under our
2002 Stock Plan.
On January 1, 2006, we adopted
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123-Revised 2004,
“Share-Based Payments” (“SFAS No. 123(R)”), using the modified prospective
method. SFAS No. 123(R) is a revision of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for
Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS No. 123”), and superseded
Accounting Principals Board No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees” (“APB No. 25”). Under SFAS No. 123(R), the cost of employee
services received in exchange for a stock-based award is determined based on the
grant-date fair value (with limited exceptions). That cost is then recognized
over the period during which the employee is required to provide services in
exchange for the award (usually the vesting period).
On January 1, 2006, using the
modified prospective method under SFAS No. 123(R), we began recognizing
expense on any unvested awards under our 2002 Stock Plan that were granted prior
to that time. Any awards granted under our 2002 Stock Plan after
December 31, 2005 will be expensed over the vesting period of the award.
Stock based compensation expense was $153,809 for the year ended
December 31, 2006.
Prior to January 1, 2006, we had
adopted the “disclosure-only” provisions of SFAS No. 123 and accounted for
substantially all of our stock-based compensation using the intrinsic value
method prescribed in APB No. 25. Under APB No. 25, no compensation
expense was recognized for any of our stock option grants because all of the
stock options issued under our 2002 Stock Plan were granted with exercise prices
at estimated fair value at the time of grant.
46
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
A summary of our stock option activity
for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 is presented below:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
December 31, 2006 |
|
|
December 31, 2005 |
|
|
December 31, 2004 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted- |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
average |
|
| |
|
Shares |
|
|
exercise price |
|
|
Shares |
|
|
exercise price |
|
|
Shares |
|
|
exercise price |
|
|
Outstanding at
beginning of year |
|
|
278,500 |
|
|
$ |
31.60 |
|
|
|
294,334 |
|
|
$ |
31.60 |
|
|
|
326,000 |
|
|
$ |
31.60 |
|
|
Granted |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
27,500 |
|
|
|
31.60 |
|
|
Exercised |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(15,834 |
) |
|
|
31.60 |
|
|
|
(59,166 |
) |
|
|
31.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at end of
year |
|
|
278,500 |
|
|
$ |
31.60 |
|
|
|
278,500 |
|
|
$ |
31.60 |
|
|
|
294,334 |
|
|
$ |
31.60 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options exercisable at
end of year |
|
|
269,333 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
176,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
99,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As noted above, no options were granted
in 2006 or 2005. The fair value of the grants in 2004 was estimated on the date
of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following
weighted-average assumptions:
| |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
2004 |
|
Expected life
(years) |
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
Expected
volatility |
|
|
42.0 |
% |
|
Expected dividend
yield |
|
|
— |
|
|
Risk-free interest
rate |
|
|
3.85 |
% |
|
Weighted-average fair
value of options granted during the year |
|
$ |
12.95 |
|
The following table illustrates the
effect on our net loss and loss per share attributable to common stockholders if
compensation costs for stock options had been recorded pursuant to SFAS No.
123(R), for the years prior to adoption.
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
For the Year Ended December 31, |
|
| |
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands, Except Share
Data) |
|
|
Net loss attributable
to common stockholders, as reported |
|
$ |
(36,582 |
) |
|
$ |
(68,638 |
) |
| |
|
Add: Stock-based
employee compensation expense included in reported net loss, net of
related tax effects |
|
|
157 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deduct: Total
stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value
based method for all awards, net of related tax effects |
|
|
(606 |
) |
|
|
(1,147 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma net
loss |
|
$ |
(37,031 |
) |
|
$ |
(69,785 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss per share
attributable to common stockholders: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As reported |
|
$ |
(12.94 |
) |
|
$ |
(24.30 |
) |
|
Pro forma |
|
|
(13.10 |
) |
|
|
(24.70 |
) |
3. DISCONTINUED
OPERATIONS
On September 16, 2005, we
announced that we were exiting the acrylonitrile business and related derivative
operations, which included sodium cyanide and disodium iminodiacetic acid
(“DSIDA”) production, and had been shut down since February 2005. As a
result of the exit from these businesses, we shut down the production facilities
and are currently in the process of dismantling these facilities. Our decision
was based on a history of operating losses incurred
47
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
by our acrylonitrile
and derivatives businesses, and was made after a full review and analysis of our
strategic alternatives.
In accordance with SFAS No. 144,
“Accounting for the Impairment and Disposal of Long Lived Assets,” we have
reported the operating results of these businesses as discontinued operations in
our consolidated financial statements.
The carrying amounts of the major
classes of assets and liabilities related to discontinued operations as of
December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
| |
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands) |
|
|
Assets of
discontinued operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable,
net |
|
$ |
20 |
|
|
$ |
963 |
|
|
Inventories |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
376 |
|
|
Other assets |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
452 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
20 |
|
|
$ |
1,791 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities of
discontinued operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued
liabilities |
|
$ |
217 |
|
|
$ |
3,826 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues and pre-tax losses from
discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and
2004 are presented below:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Year ended December 31, |
| |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands) |
|
Revenues |
|
$ |
258 |
|
|
$ |
43,374 |
|
|
$ |
196,309 |
|
|
Loss before income
taxes |
|
|
1,135 |
|
|
|
17,420 |
|
|
|
42,025 |
|
Current severance and contractual
obligations are detailed below:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued as of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued as of |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
Cash |
|
December 31, |
| |
|
Accrued in 2005 |
|
Cash Payments |
|
2005 |
|
Accrued in 2006 |
|
payments |
|
2006 |
| |
|
|
|
Severance
accrual |
|
$ |
568 |
|
|
$ |
(91 |
) |
|
$ |
477 |
|
|
$ |
386 |
|
|
$ |
(646 |
) |
|
$ |
217 |
|
|
DSIDA contractual
obligation |
|
|
2,853 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
2,853 |
|
|
|
147 |
|
|
|
(3,000 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
DSIDA dismantling
costs |
|
|
496 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
496 |
|
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
(558 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
| |
|
|
|
Totals |
|
$ |
3,917 |
|
|
$ |
(91 |
) |
|
$ |
3,826 |
|
|
$ |
595 |
|
|
$ |
(4,204 |
) |
|
$ |
217 |
|
| |
|
|
Prior to our decision to exit the
acrylonitrile and derivative businesses, on May 31, 2005, we entered into a
Separation Agreement with O&D USA LLC (d/b/a Innovene Chemicals), ANEXCO,
LLC and BP Amoco Chemical Company (“BP Chemicals”). Under the Separation
Agreement:
| |
• |
|
a prior force majeure dispute among the parties was settled; |
| |
| |
• |
|
most of the acrylonitrile-related agreements between the parties were
terminated as of May 31, 2005, including the Amended and Restated
Production Agreement dated March 31, 1998, the Joint Venture
Agreement dated March 31, 1998, the Acrylonitrile Expanded
Relationship and Master Modification Agreement dated June 19, 2003
and the European Distribution Agreement dated March 31, 1998; |
| |
| |
• |
|
we assigned our interest in ANEXCO, LLC to Innovene Chemicals;
and |
| |
| |
• |
|
we and Innovene Chemicals entered into amended and restated versions
of our acrylonitrile License Agreement and Catalyst Sales
Contract. |
48
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
In addition, on
May 31, 2005, Innovene Chemicals made a one-time payment to us of
$0.7 million; ANEXCO, LLC made an initial distribution to us of
$4.8 million and we made a few small payments to Innovene Chemicals and
ANEXCO, LLC for services performed prior to the termination of the agreements.
ANEXCO, LLC made a subsequent distribution to us of $1.5 million on
July 15, 2005, and we received a final distribution of $1.2 million on
November 30, 2005. No other payments were or are required in connection
with the settlement of the force majeure dispute or the termination of the
acrylonitrile-related agreements.
4. DETAIL OF
CERTAIN BALANCE SHEET ACCOUNTS
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
December 31, |
|
| |
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands) |
|
|
Inventories: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Finished
products |
|
$ |
38,485 |
|
|
$ |
30,162 |
|
|
Raw materials |
|
|
17,841 |
|
|
|
7,974 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inventories at
lower-of-cost-or-market |
|
|
56,326 |
|
|
|
38,136 |
|
|
Inventories under
exchange agreements |
|
|
1,818 |
|
|
|
(2,807 |
) |
|
Stores and supplies
(net of obsolescence reserve of $2,149 and $2,573, respectively) |
|
|
3,934 |
|
|
|
3,765 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
62,078 |
|
|
$ |
39,094 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property, plant and
equipment, net: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Land |
|
$ |
7,149 |
|
|
$ |
7,149 |
|
|
Buildings |
|
|
4,506 |
|
|
|
4,497 |
|
|
Plant and
equipment |
|
|
306,352 |
|
|
|
286,049 |
|
|
Construction in
progress |
|
|
1,761 |
|
|
|
12,993 |
|
|
Less: accumulated
depreciation |
|
|
(235,935 |
) |
|
|
(80,670 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
83,833 |
|
|
$ |
230,018 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other assets,
net: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S&L Cogen joint
venture |
|
$ |
4,733 |
|
|
$ |
3,567 |
|
|
Deferred
catalyst |
|
|
1,959 |
|
|
|
2,156 |
|
|
Long-term deferred tax
asset |
|
|
641 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
Other |
|
|
2,321 |
|
|
|
2,820 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
9,654 |
|
|
$ |
8,543 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued
liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Employee compensation
and benefits |
|
$ |
13,434 |
|
|
$ |
12,164 |
|
|
Property taxes |
|
|
4,301 |
|
|
|
5,236 |
|
|
Other |
|
|
5,137 |
|
|
|
6,290 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
22,872 |
|
|
$ |
23,690 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred credits and
other liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued postretirement,
pension and post employment benefits |
|
$ |
35,596 |
|
|
$ |
62,885 |
|
|
Deferred
revenue |
|
|
8,000 |
|
|
|
9,000 |
|
|
Other |
|
|
5,695 |
|
|
|
5,919 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
49,291 |
|
|
$ |
77,804 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. VALUATION AND
QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
Below is a summary of valuation and
qualifying accounts related to continuing operations for the years ended
December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004:
49
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
December 31, |
|
| |
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
Allowance for doubtful
accounts: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at beginning of
year |
|
$ |
953 |
|
|
$ |
3,092 |
|
|
$ |
2,592 |
|
|
Add: bad debt
expense/(credit) |
|
|
1,049 |
|
|
|
(2,133 |
) |
|
|
500 |
|
|
Deduct: written-off
accounts |
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at end of
year |
|
$ |
1,987 |
|
|
$ |
953 |
|
|
$ |
3,092 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reserve for inventory
obsolescence: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at beginning of
year |
|
$ |
2,573 |
|
|
$ |
1,938 |
|
|
$ |
1,370 |
|
|
Add: obsolescence
accrual |
|
|
81 |
|
|
|
1,492 |
|
|
|
969 |
|
|
Deduct: disposal of
inventory |
|
|
(505 |
) |
|
|
(857 |
) |
|
|
(401 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at end of
year |
|
$ |
2,149 |
|
|
$ |
2,573 |
|
|
$ |
1,938 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6. DEBT
On December 19, 2002, we issued
$94.3 million in original principal amount of our 10% Senior Secured Notes
due 2007 (our “Secured Notes”). Our Secured Notes are senior secured obligations
and rank equally in right of payment with all of our other existing and future
senior indebtedness, and senior in right of payment to all of our existing and
future subordinated indebtedness. Our Secured Notes are guaranteed by Sterling
Energy, Inc. (“Sterling Energy”), our only wholly owned subsidiary. Sterling
Energy’s guaranty ranks equally in right of payment with all of its existing and
future senior indebtedness, and senior in right of payment to all of its
existing and future subordinated indebtedness. Separate financial information is
not presented for Sterling Energy as it is not material. Our Secured Notes and
Sterling Energy’s guaranty are secured by a first priority lien on all of our
production facilities and related assets.
Our Secured Notes bear interest at an
annual rate of 10%, payable semi-annually on June 15 and December 15
of each year. Until December 19, 2004, we were permitted under certain
circumstances to pay interest on our Secured Notes through the issuance of
additional Secured Notes rather than the payment of cash at an interest rate of
13 3 / 8 % per annum. In December 2003, we made an interest payment on our
Secured Notes at the higher rate through the issuance of $6.3 million in
original principal amount of additional Secured Notes, increasing the aggregate
principal amount of outstanding Secured Notes to $100.6 million. We have
made all other interest payments on our Secured Notes in cash. We may redeem our
Secured Notes at any time at a redemption price of 100% of the outstanding
principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest, subject to compliance
with the terms of our revolving credit facility. In addition, in the event of a
specified change of control or the sale of our facility in Texas City, Texas, we
are required to offer to repurchase our Secured Notes at 101% of the outstanding
principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest. Under certain
circumstances, we are also required to use the proceeds of other asset sales to
repurchase those Secured Notes tendered by the holders at a price equal to 100%
of the outstanding principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest.
The indenture governing our Secured
Notes contains numerous covenants and conditions, including, but not limited to,
restrictions on our ability to incur indebtedness, create liens, sell assets,
make investments, make capital expenditures, engage in mergers and acquisitions
and pay dividends. The indenture also includes various circumstances and
conditions that would, upon their occurrence and subject in certain cases to
notice and grace periods, create an event of default thereunder. However, the
indenture does not require us to satisfy any financial ratios or maintenance
tests.
On March 1, 2007, we commenced an
offer to repurchase all of our outstanding Secured Notes (our “tender offer”).
Concurrently with our tender offer, we solicited consents from the holders of
our Secured Notes to, among other things, eliminate certain covenants contained
in the indenture governing our Secured Notes. The consent solicitation expired
at 5:00 p.m., New York Time, on March 14, 2007, at which time we
received consents from the requisite principal amount of Secured Notes to amend
our indenture. The supplemental indenture we entered into to effect these
amendments will only be effective if and when we consummate our tender offer for
the Secured Notes.
Our tender offer is scheduled to expire
at 12:00 midnight, New York City time, on March 28, 2007, unless extended
or earlier terminated. The total consideration payable in connection with our
tender offer and the consent solicitation for each $1,000 principal amount of
our existing notes will be $1,002.50, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but
not including, the date of payment.
50
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
We expect to refinance our Secured
Notes with an offering of up to $125 million of new senior secured notes
(“New Notes”). In connection with our proposed offering of New Notes, we have
also received a firm commitment letter from a national investment banking firm
with respect to an alternate long-term debt financing. In the event our offering
of the New Notes is not consummated, we intend to issue $111 million in
debt financing pursuant to this commitment letter in order to refinance our
Secured Notes.
We will use the net proceeds of the New
Notes (or the debt financing effected pursuant to the commitment referenced
above) to fund amounts payable in connection with the tender offer, the consent
solicitation and to redeem any remaining Secured Notes not repurchased pursuant
thereto.
On December 19, 2002, we also
established our Revolving Credit Agreement with The CIT Group/Business Credit,
Inc., as administrative agent and a lender, and certain other lenders (our
“revolving credit facility”), which provides up to $100 million in
revolving credit loans, subject to borrowing base limitations. Our revolving
credit facility has an initial term ending on September 19, 2007. Under our
revolving credit facility, we and Sterling Energy are co-borrowers and are
jointly and severally liable for any indebtedness thereunder. Our revolving
credit facility is secured by first priority liens on all of our accounts
receivable, inventory and other specified assets, as well as all of the issued
and outstanding capital stock of Sterling Energy.
Borrowings under our revolving credit
facility bear interest, at our option, at an annual rate of either the Alternate
Base Rate plus 0.75% or the “LIBO Rate” (as defined in our revolving credit
facility) plus 2.75%. The “Alternate Base Rate” is equal to the greater of the
“Base Rate” as announced from time to time by JPMorgan Chase Bank in New York,
New York, or 0.50% per annum above the latest “Federal Funds Rate” (as defined
in our revolving credit facility). The average interest rate for borrowings
under our revolving credit facility for the year ended December 31, 2006
was 8.94%. Under our revolving credit facility, we are also required to pay an
aggregate commitment fee of 0.50% per year (payable monthly) on any unused
portion. Available credit is subject to a monthly borrowing base of 85% of
eligible accounts receivable plus the lesser of $50 million and 65% of eligible
inventory. In addition, the borrowing base for our revolving credit facility
must exceed outstanding borrowings thereunder by $8 million at all times.
As of December 31, 2006, total credit available under our revolving credit
facility was limited to $72 million due to these borrowing base
limitations. As of December 31, 2006, there were no loans outstanding under
our revolving credit facility, and we had $3 million in letters of credit
outstanding. Pursuant to Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 95-22,
“Balance Sheet Classification of Borrowings under Revolving Credit Agreements
That Include both a Subjective Acceleration Clause and a Lock-Box Arrangement,”
any balances outstanding under our revolving credit facility are classified as a
current portion of long-term debt. We are currently negotiating to amend our
revolving credit facility to extend the term for five years and to make certain
other changes to the borrowing base calculation and interest rates. We expect
this amendment to be effective by March 31, 2007.
The stated term of our revolving credit
facility ends on September 19, 2007 and our Secured Notes become due on
December 19, 2007. As mentioned above, we have started the process of
refinancing the indebtedness under our Secured Notes and amending our revolving
credit facility prior to their stated maturities. Subject to the successful
refinancing of our Secured Notes and amendment of our revolving credit facility,
we believe that our cash on hand, together with the credit available under our
amended revolving credit facility, is sufficient to meet our short-term and
long-term liquidity needs, although our liquidity may not be adequate during any
particular period.
Debt
Maturities
The Secured Notes, which had an
aggregate principal balance of $100.6 million outstanding as of
December 31, 2006, are due on December 19, 2007. As a result of the
financing arrangement entered into during March 2007, as discussed above,
we have reclassified the debt from current to long-term as we have the ability
and intent to refinance the Secured Notes on a long-term basis.
51
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
7. INCOME TAXES
A reconciliation of federal statutory
income taxes to our effective tax benefit is as follows:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
| |
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands) |
|
|
Benefit for income
taxes at statutory rates |
|
$ |
(42,100 |
) |
|
$ |
(16,299 |
) |
|
$ |
(26,125 |
) |
|
Non-deductible
expenses |
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
Non-deductible goodwill
impairment |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
16,962 |
|
|
State income
taxes |
|
|
(1,262 |
) |
|
|
(956 |
) |
|
|
(1,933 |
) |
|
Change in valuation
allowance |
|
|
27,621 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
Other |
|
|
1,096 |
|
|
|
235 |
|
|
|
(930 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effective tax
benefit |
|
$ |
(14,626 |
) |
|
$ |
(17,001 |
) |
|
$ |
(12,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The benefit for income taxes is
comprised of a tax benefit for continuing operations and a tax benefit for
discontinued operations as shown below:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
| |
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands) |
|
|
Tax expense –
continuing operations |
|
$ |
(14,488 |
) |
|
$ |
(10,641 |
) |
|
$ |
7,262 |
|
|
Tax expense –
discontinued operations |
|
|
(138 |
) |
|
|
(6,360 |
) |
|
|
(19,262 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total tax
benefit |
|
$ |
(14,626 |
) |
|
$ |
(17,001 |
) |
|
$ |
(12,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The benefit for income taxes is
composed of the following:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
| |
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands) |
|
|
Current
federal |
|
$ |
299 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
Deferred
federal |
|
|
(13,685 |
) |
|
|
(16,066 |
) |
|
|
(10,105 |
) |
|
State income
taxes |
|
|
(1,240 |
) |
|
|
(935 |
) |
|
|
(1,895 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total tax
benefit |
|
$ |
(14,626 |
) |
|
$ |
(17,001 |
) |
|
$ |
(12,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The components of our deferred income
tax assets and liabilities are summarized below:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
December 31, |
|
| |
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
| |
|
(Dollars in Thousands) |
|
|
Deferred tax
assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued
liabilities |
|
$ |
1,292 |
|
|
$ |
787 |
|
|
Accrued postretirement
cost |
|
|
7,518 |
|
|
|
12,552 |
|
|
Accrued pension
cost |
|
|
4,537 |
|
|
|
10,770 |
|
|
Tax loss and credit
carry forwards |
|
|
32,506 |
|
|
|
46,734 |
|
|
State deferred
taxes |
|
|
77 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
Other |
|
|
3,797 |
|
|
|
2,385 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total deferred tax
assets |
|
$ |
49,727 |
|
|
$ |
73,228 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred tax
liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property, plant and
equipment |
|
$ |
(16,458 |
) |
|
$ |
(66,571 |
) |
|
State deferred
taxes |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(3,219 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subtotal |
|
|
(16,458 |
) |
|
|
(69,790 |
) |
|
Less: valuation
allowance |
|
|
(29,584 |
) |
|
|
(8,832 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total deferred tax
liabilities |
|
|
(46,042 |
) |
|
|
(78,622 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net deferred tax assets
(liabilities) |
|
$ |
3,685 |
|
|
$ |
(5,394 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
52
STERLING
CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
As of December 31, 2006, we had an
available U.S. federal income tax net operating loss carryforward (“NOL”) of
approximately $85 million, which expires during the years 2023 through
2026. Deferred tax assets are regularly assessed for recoverability based on
both historical and anticipated earnings levels, and a valuation allowance is
recorded when it is more likely than not that these amounts will not be
recovered. As a result of our analysis, we have concluded that a valuation
allowance should be established in the amount of $28 million relating to
our federal deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2006. At
December 31, 2005, we had deferred tax assets relating to state NOLs of
$12 million, which had a related valuation allowance of $9 million.
Under the provisions of the new